Fix scheduler tests to use get_db_client after scheduler refactor

The scheduler was refactored (PR #1665) to use the pooled
get_db_client() from SPARC.auth instead of creating its own
DatabaseClient. Update test mocks accordingly and remove the
db.close() assertion since the pooled client is no longer closed
by the scheduler.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

SPARC/scheduler.py

@@ -2,14 +2,17 @@
 
 Uses APScheduler to periodically re-analyze tracked companies and
 detect significant changes in patent counts.
+
+The scheduler reuses the application-level pooled DatabaseClient
+(from ``SPARC.auth``) instead of creating its own connection, which
+avoids exhausting the database connection pool under load.
 """
 
 import logging
 import os
 
-from SPARC import config
 from SPARC.analyzer import CompanyAnalyzer
-from SPARC.database import DatabaseClient
+from SPARC.auth import get_db_client
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -21,10 +24,13 @@ CHANGE_THRESHOLD_PERCENT = int(os.getenv("CHANGE_THRESHOLD_PERCENT", "20"))
 
 
 def run_scheduled_analysis() -> None:
-    """Re-analyze all tracked companies and check for significant changes."""
-    db = DatabaseClient(config.database_url)
-    db.connect()
-    db.initialize_schema()
+    """Re-analyze all tracked companies and check for significant changes.
+
+    Uses the shared pooled DatabaseClient from ``SPARC.auth.get_db_client()``
+    rather than creating a disposable connection, so the scheduler participates
+    in the same connection pool as the rest of the application.
+    """
+    db = get_db_client()
 
     tracked = db.list_tracked_companies()
     if not tracked:
@@ -74,7 +80,6 @@ def run_scheduled_analysis() -> None:
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error("Error analyzing tracked company %s: %s", name, e)
 
-    db.close()
     logger.info("Scheduled analysis complete")
 
 

tests/test_analyze_single_patent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+"""Tests for analyze_single_patent auto-download path.
+
+Covers issue #1661:
+- PDF exists on disk: direct analysis (happy path)
+- PDF not on disk, cached link exists: auto-download and analyze
+- PDF not on disk, no cached link: FileNotFoundError
+- Analysis failure after PDF found: graceful error message
+- Model override parameter passthrough
+"""
+
+import os
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+from SPARC.analyzer import CompanyAnalyzer
+from SPARC.types import Patent
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def mock_db(mocker):
+    """Mock DatabaseClient so no real DB is needed."""
+    mock_db_cls = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.DatabaseClient")
+    mock_db_instance = MagicMock()
+    mock_db_instance.get_cached_patent.return_value = None
+    mock_db_instance.get_cached_serp_query.return_value = None
+    mock_db_cls.return_value = mock_db_instance
+    return mock_db_instance
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def analyzer(mocker, mock_db):
+    """Create a CompanyAnalyzer with mocked LLM and DB."""
+    mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.LLMAnalyzer")
+    return CompanyAnalyzer(openrouter_api_key="test-key")
+
+
+class TestAnalyzeSinglePatentAutoDownload:
+    """Test the auto-download logic in analyze_single_patent."""
+
+    def test_pdf_on_disk_analyzed_directly(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When PDF exists on disk, it is analyzed directly without download."""
+        patent_id = "US-11234567-B2"
+
+        # Create the patents dir and PDF file
+        patents_dir = tmp_path / "patents"
+        patents_dir.mkdir()
+        pdf_path = patents_dir / f"{patent_id}.pdf"
+        pdf_path.write_bytes(b"fake PDF content")
+
+        mock_parse = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf")
+        mock_minimize = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.minimize_patent_for_llm")
+        mock_parse.return_value = {"abstract": "test", "claims": "test claims"}
+        mock_minimize.return_value = "minimized content"
+        analyzer.llm_analyzer.analyze_patent_content.return_value = "Good patent."
+
+        # Change cwd so patents/{patent_id}.pdf resolves to our tmp_path
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            result = analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "TestCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+        assert result == "Good patent."
+        # DB cache should not have been queried since file existed
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_auto_download_from_cached_link(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When PDF is not on disk but link is cached, auto-download occurs."""
+        patent_id = "US-99887766-A1"
+
+        # No patents dir exists (PDF not on disk)
+        mock_save = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.save_patents")
+        downloaded_patent = Patent(patent_id=patent_id, pdf_link="https://example.com/patent.pdf")
+        downloaded_patent.pdf_path = f"patents/{patent_id}.pdf"
+        mock_save.return_value = downloaded_patent
+
+        # Cached patent has a PDF link
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.return_value = {
+            "patent_id": patent_id,
+            "pdf_link": "https://example.com/patent.pdf",
+        }
+
+        # Mock the rest of the analysis pipeline
+        mock_parse = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf")
+        mock_minimize = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.minimize_patent_for_llm")
+        mock_parse.return_value = {"abstract": "test abstract"}
+        mock_minimize.return_value = "minimized content"
+        analyzer.llm_analyzer.analyze_patent_content.return_value = "Strong innovation."
+
+        # Change cwd so patents/{patent_id}.pdf does NOT exist
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            result = analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "DownloadCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+        assert result == "Strong innovation."
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.assert_called_once_with(patent_id)
+        mock_save.assert_called_once()
+        # Verify the Patent passed to save_patents has the correct ID and link
+        saved_patent = mock_save.call_args[0][0]
+        assert saved_patent.patent_id == patent_id
+        assert saved_patent.pdf_link == "https://example.com/patent.pdf"
+
+    def test_no_cached_link_raises_file_not_found(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When PDF is not on disk and no cached link, FileNotFoundError raised."""
+        patent_id = "US-00000000-X1"
+
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.return_value = None
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match="no download link is cached"):
+                analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "MissingCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+    def test_cached_patent_without_pdf_link_raises(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When cached patent exists but has no pdf_link, FileNotFoundError raised."""
+        patent_id = "US-11111111-B1"
+
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.return_value = {
+            "patent_id": patent_id,
+            "pdf_link": None,
+        }
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match="no download link is cached"):
+                analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "NoPDFCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+    def test_analysis_exception_returns_error_message(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When analysis pipeline fails, returns error string instead of raising."""
+        patent_id = "US-22222222-A2"
+
+        # Create the PDF on disk so it skips download
+        patents_dir = tmp_path / "patents"
+        patents_dir.mkdir()
+        (patents_dir / f"{patent_id}.pdf").write_bytes(b"fake PDF")
+
+        # Parse fails
+        mocker.patch(
+            "SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf",
+            side_effect=ValueError("Corrupt PDF"),
+        )
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            result = analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "ErrorCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+        assert "Failed to analyze patent" in result
+        assert "Corrupt PDF" in result
+
+    def test_model_override_passed_to_llm(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """The model parameter is forwarded to the LLM analyzer."""
+        patent_id = "US-33333333-B2"
+
+        patents_dir = tmp_path / "patents"
+        patents_dir.mkdir()
+        (patents_dir / f"{patent_id}.pdf").write_bytes(b"fake PDF")
+
+        mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf", return_value={"abstract": "test"})
+        mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.minimize_patent_for_llm", return_value="content")
+        analyzer.llm_analyzer.analyze_patent_content.return_value = "Analysis result."
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            result = analyzer.analyze_single_patent(
+                patent_id, "ModelCo", model="openai/gpt-4o"
+            )
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+        assert result == "Analysis result."
+        analyzer.llm_analyzer.analyze_patent_content.assert_called_once_with(
+            patent_content="content",
+            company_name="ModelCo",
+            model="openai/gpt-4o",
+        )
+
+    def test_file_not_found_during_parse_re_raised(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """FileNotFoundError during parsing is re-raised, not caught."""
+        patent_id = "US-44444444-C1"
+
+        patents_dir = tmp_path / "patents"
+        patents_dir.mkdir()
+        (patents_dir / f"{patent_id}.pdf").write_bytes(b"fake PDF")
+
+        mocker.patch(
+            "SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf",
+            side_effect=FileNotFoundError("PDF file vanished"),
+        )
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match="PDF file vanished"):
+                analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "VanishCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)

tests/test_export.py

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+"""Tests for export endpoints: CSV and PDF export of analysis results.
+
+Covers issue #1655:
+- GET /export/{company_name} (CSV export)
+- GET /export/{company_name}/pdf (PDF export)
+
+All tests mock the database layer and use JWT auth fixtures from test_auth patterns.
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from SPARC.api import app
+from SPARC.auth import create_access_token
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    """Create test client."""
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def mock_db():
+    """Mock the database client used by export and auth endpoints."""
+    db = MagicMock()
+
+    # Default: user exists for auth
+    db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+        "id": 1,
+        "email": "user@test.com",
+        "role": "user",
+        "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+    }
+
+    # Mock get_conn for export queries
+    mock_cursor = MagicMock()
+    mock_conn = MagicMock()
+    mock_conn.cursor.return_value.__enter__ = MagicMock(return_value=mock_cursor)
+    mock_conn.cursor.return_value.__exit__ = MagicMock(return_value=False)
+    db.get_conn.return_value.__enter__ = MagicMock(return_value=mock_conn)
+    db.get_conn.return_value.__exit__ = MagicMock(return_value=False)
+    db._mock_cursor = mock_cursor
+
+    with patch("SPARC.api.get_db_client", return_value=db), \
+         patch("SPARC.auth.get_db_client", return_value=db):
+        yield db
+
+
+def _auth_header():
+    """Create an Authorization header with a valid access token."""
+    token = create_access_token(1, "user@test.com", "user")
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+
+def _sample_rows():
+    """Return sample llm_messages rows as tuples (matching cursor.fetchall format)."""
+    return [
+        (
+            "NVIDIA",
+            "company_analysis",
+            "anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet",
+            "Strong AI patent portfolio with focus on GPU architectures.",
+            datetime(2025, 6, 15, 10, 30, 0),
+        ),
+        (
+            "NVIDIA",
+            "patent_analysis",
+            "openai/gpt-4o",
+            "Patent US-12345678-B2 covers novel tensor core design.",
+            datetime(2025, 6, 14, 9, 0, 0),
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+class TestCSVExport:
+    """GET /export/{company_name} -- CSV export."""
+
+    def test_csv_export_success(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Valid company with results returns a CSV file."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = _sample_rows()
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert response.headers["content-type"].startswith("text/csv")
+        assert "attachment" in response.headers.get("content-disposition", "")
+        assert "sparc_nvidia_export.csv" in response.headers["content-disposition"]
+
+        # Verify CSV content (CSV uses \r\n line endings)
+        lines = response.text.strip().split("\n")
+        assert len(lines) == 3  # header + 2 data rows
+        assert lines[0].strip() == "company_name,analysis_type,model,analysis,timestamp"
+        assert "NVIDIA" in lines[1]
+        assert "company_analysis" in lines[1]
+
+    def test_csv_export_no_results_returns_404(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Unknown company returns 404."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = []
+
+        response = client.get("/export/nonexistent", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 404
+        assert "No analysis results found" in response.json()["detail"]
+
+    def test_csv_export_unauthenticated_returns_401(self, client):
+        """Request without token returns 401."""
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA")
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+    def test_csv_export_invalid_token_returns_401(self, client):
+        """Request with invalid token returns 401."""
+        response = client.get(
+            "/export/NVIDIA",
+            headers={"Authorization": "Bearer invalid.token.here"},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+    def test_csv_export_filename_sanitization(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Company names with spaces get sanitized in the filename."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = [
+            (
+                "Tesla Motors",
+                "company_analysis",
+                "anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet",
+                "EV patent portfolio analysis.",
+                datetime(2025, 6, 15, 10, 0, 0),
+            ),
+        ]
+
+        response = client.get("/export/Tesla Motors", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert "tesla_motors" in response.headers["content-disposition"]
+
+    def test_csv_export_single_row(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Single analysis result produces valid CSV with one data row."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = [_sample_rows()[0]]
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        lines = response.text.strip().split("\n")
+        assert len(lines) == 2  # header + 1 data row
+
+
+class TestPDFExport:
+    """GET /export/{company_name}/pdf -- PDF report export."""
+
+    def test_pdf_export_success(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Valid company with results returns a PDF file."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = _sample_rows()
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert response.headers["content-type"] == "application/pdf"
+        assert "attachment" in response.headers.get("content-disposition", "")
+        # PDF files start with %PDF
+        assert response.content[:4] == b"%PDF"
+
+    def test_pdf_export_no_results_returns_404(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Unknown company returns 404."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = []
+
+        response = client.get("/export/nonexistent/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 404
+        assert "No analysis results found" in response.json()["detail"]
+
+    def test_pdf_export_unauthenticated_returns_401(self, client):
+        """Request without token returns 401."""
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA/pdf")
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+    def test_pdf_export_invalid_token_returns_401(self, client):
+        """Request with invalid token returns 401."""
+        response = client.get(
+            "/export/NVIDIA/pdf",
+            headers={"Authorization": "Bearer invalid.token.here"},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+    def test_pdf_export_filename_contains_date(self, client, mock_db):
+        """PDF filename includes the analysis date."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = _sample_rows()
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        disposition = response.headers["content-disposition"]
+        assert "nvidia-analysis-" in disposition
+        assert ".pdf" in disposition
+
+    def test_pdf_export_special_chars_in_response(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Analysis text with XML-special chars (<, >, &) does not break PDF generation."""
+        rows = [
+            (
+                "TestCo",
+                "company_analysis",
+                "anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet",
+                "Revenue > $1B & growth <20% for Q4. Test <html> escaping.",
+                datetime(2025, 6, 15, 10, 0, 0),
+            ),
+        ]
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = rows
+
+        response = client.get("/export/TestCo/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert response.content[:4] == b"%PDF"
+
+    def test_pdf_export_multiple_analyses(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Multiple analysis records produce a valid PDF with content."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = _sample_rows()
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        # PDF should have reasonable size (more than just headers)
+        assert len(response.content) > 500

tests/test_storage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+"""Tests for S3/MinIO storage backend in storage.py.
+
+Covers issue #1660:
+- S3StorageBackend read, write, exists, path_for
+- Error handling: NoSuchKey, generic S3 errors, bucket auto-creation
+- get_storage_backend() factory function
+- LocalStorageBackend (basic sanity checks)
+"""
+
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+from SPARC.storage import LocalStorageBackend, S3StorageBackend, get_storage_backend
+
+
+# ---------- S3StorageBackend ----------
+
+class TestS3StorageBackend:
+    """Tests for the S3-compatible storage backend."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def s3_backend(self):
+        """Create an S3StorageBackend with a fully mocked boto3 client."""
+        with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"boto3": MagicMock()}):
+            import boto3 as mock_boto
+            mock_s3 = MagicMock()
+            mock_boto.client.return_value = mock_s3
+            mock_s3.head_bucket.return_value = {}
+
+            backend = S3StorageBackend(
+                bucket="test-bucket",
+                endpoint_url="http://minio:9000",
+                access_key="minioadmin",
+                secret_key="minioadmin",
+            )
+            # Expose mock for assertions
+            backend._mock_s3 = mock_s3
+            yield backend
+
+    def test_write_puts_object(self, s3_backend):
+        """write() calls put_object with correct bucket, key, and body."""
+        s3_backend.write("US-12345678-B2.pdf", b"PDF content here")
+
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.put_object.assert_called_once_with(
+            Bucket="test-bucket",
+            Key="US-12345678-B2.pdf",
+            Body=b"PDF content here",
+            ContentType="application/pdf",
+        )
+
+    def test_read_returns_body(self, s3_backend):
+        """read() returns the Body content from get_object."""
+        mock_body = MagicMock()
+        mock_body.read.return_value = b"PDF data"
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.get_object.return_value = {"Body": mock_body}
+
+        result = s3_backend.read("US-12345678-B2.pdf")
+
+        assert result == b"PDF data"
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.get_object.assert_called_once_with(
+            Bucket="test-bucket",
+            Key="US-12345678-B2.pdf",
+        )
+
+    def test_read_nosuchkey_raises_file_not_found(self, s3_backend):
+        """read() raises FileNotFoundError when object does not exist."""
+        # Create a NoSuchKey exception class on the mock
+        nosuchkey = type("NoSuchKey", (Exception,), {})
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.exceptions.NoSuchKey = nosuchkey
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.get_object.side_effect = nosuchkey("not found")
+
+        # Reassign s3 to trigger the except branch
+        s3_backend.s3 = s3_backend._mock_s3
+
+        with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match="S3 object not found"):
+            s3_backend.read("missing.pdf")
+
+    def test_read_generic_404_raises_file_not_found(self, s3_backend):
+        """read() handles generic 404 errors from S3-compatible APIs."""
+        nosuchkey = type("NoSuchKey", (Exception,), {})
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.exceptions.NoSuchKey = nosuchkey
+        s3_backend.s3 = s3_backend._mock_s3
+        s3_backend.s3.get_object.side_effect = Exception("An error occurred (404)")
+
+        with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match="S3 object not found"):
+            s3_backend.read("missing.pdf")
+
+    def test_read_other_error_re_raises(self, s3_backend):
+        """read() re-raises non-404 errors."""
+        nosuchkey = type("NoSuchKey", (Exception,), {})
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.exceptions.NoSuchKey = nosuchkey
+        s3_backend.s3 = s3_backend._mock_s3
+        s3_backend.s3.get_object.side_effect = Exception("Internal server error")
+
+        with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Internal server error"):
+            s3_backend.read("some-file.pdf")
+
+    def test_exists_returns_true_for_existing_object(self, s3_backend):
+        """exists() returns True when head_object succeeds with content."""
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.head_object.return_value = {"ContentLength": 1024}
+
+        assert s3_backend.exists("US-12345678-B2.pdf") is True
+
+    def test_exists_returns_false_for_missing_object(self, s3_backend):
+        """exists() returns False when head_object raises an exception."""
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.head_object.side_effect = Exception("Not Found")
+
+        assert s3_backend.exists("missing.pdf") is False
+
+    def test_exists_returns_false_for_zero_length(self, s3_backend):
+        """exists() returns False when object has zero content length."""
+        s3_backend._mock_s3.head_object.return_value = {"ContentLength": 0}
+
+        assert s3_backend.exists("empty.pdf") is False
+
+    def test_path_for_returns_s3_uri(self, s3_backend):
+        """path_for() returns an s3:// URI."""
+        path = s3_backend.path_for("US-12345678-B2.pdf")
+
+        assert path == "s3://test-bucket/US-12345678-B2.pdf"
+
+    def test_constructor_creates_bucket_if_missing(self):
+        """Constructor creates the bucket if head_bucket fails."""
+        with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"boto3": MagicMock()}):
+            import boto3 as mock_boto
+            mock_s3 = MagicMock()
+            mock_boto.client.return_value = mock_s3
+            mock_s3.head_bucket.side_effect = Exception("Bucket not found")
+
+            S3StorageBackend(
+                bucket="new-bucket",
+                endpoint_url="http://minio:9000",
+                access_key="admin",
+                secret_key="admin",
+            )
+
+            mock_s3.create_bucket.assert_called_once_with(Bucket="new-bucket")
+
+    def test_constructor_handles_bucket_creation_failure(self):
+        """Constructor logs warning but does not crash if bucket creation fails."""
+        with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"boto3": MagicMock()}):
+            import boto3 as mock_boto
+            mock_s3 = MagicMock()
+            mock_boto.client.return_value = mock_s3
+            mock_s3.head_bucket.side_effect = Exception("Bucket not found")
+            mock_s3.create_bucket.side_effect = Exception("Permission denied")
+
+            # Should not raise
+            backend = S3StorageBackend(
+                bucket="locked-bucket",
+                endpoint_url="http://minio:9000",
+                access_key="admin",
+                secret_key="admin",
+            )
+            assert backend.bucket == "locked-bucket"
+
+    def test_constructor_passes_endpoint_and_credentials(self):
+        """Constructor passes endpoint_url and credentials to boto3.client."""
+        with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"boto3": MagicMock()}):
+            import boto3 as mock_boto
+            mock_s3 = MagicMock()
+            mock_boto.client.return_value = mock_s3
+
+            S3StorageBackend(
+                bucket="test",
+                endpoint_url="http://minio:9000",
+                access_key="mykey",
+                secret_key="mysecret",
+            )
+
+            mock_boto.client.assert_called_with(
+                "s3",
+                endpoint_url="http://minio:9000",
+                aws_access_key_id="mykey",
+                aws_secret_access_key="mysecret",
+            )
+
+
+# ---------- LocalStorageBackend ----------
+
+class TestLocalStorageBackend:
+    """Basic sanity checks for the local filesystem backend."""
+
+    def test_write_and_read(self, tmp_path):
+        """Write and read round-trip produces identical content."""
+        backend = LocalStorageBackend(base_dir=str(tmp_path))
+        backend.write("test.pdf", b"hello world")
+
+        result = backend.read("test.pdf")
+        assert result == b"hello world"
+
+    def test_read_missing_file_raises(self, tmp_path):
+        """Reading a non-existent file raises FileNotFoundError."""
+        backend = LocalStorageBackend(base_dir=str(tmp_path))
+
+        with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError):
+            backend.read("nonexistent.pdf")
+
+    def test_exists_true_for_written_file(self, tmp_path):
+        """exists() returns True after writing a file."""
+        backend = LocalStorageBackend(base_dir=str(tmp_path))
+        backend.write("test.pdf", b"data")
+
+        assert backend.exists("test.pdf") is True
+
+    def test_exists_false_for_missing_file(self, tmp_path):
+        """exists() returns False for non-existent file."""
+        backend = LocalStorageBackend(base_dir=str(tmp_path))
+
+        assert backend.exists("missing.pdf") is False
+
+    def test_exists_false_for_empty_file(self, tmp_path):
+        """exists() returns False for zero-length file."""
+        backend = LocalStorageBackend(base_dir=str(tmp_path))
+        backend.write("empty.pdf", b"")
+
+        assert backend.exists("empty.pdf") is False
+
+    def test_path_for_returns_full_path(self, tmp_path):
+        """path_for() returns the full filesystem path."""
+        backend = LocalStorageBackend(base_dir=str(tmp_path))
+        path = backend.path_for("test.pdf")
+
+        assert path == str(tmp_path / "test.pdf")
+
+
+# ---------- get_storage_backend() factory ----------
+
+class TestGetStorageBackend:
+    """Tests for the storage backend factory function."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.storage.config")
+    def test_returns_local_backend_by_default(self, mock_config):
+        """Default config returns LocalStorageBackend."""
+        mock_config.storage_backend = "local"
+
+        backend = get_storage_backend()
+
+        assert isinstance(backend, LocalStorageBackend)
+
+    @patch("SPARC.storage.config")
+    def test_returns_s3_backend_when_configured(self, mock_config):
+        """Setting storage_backend=s3 returns S3StorageBackend."""
+        mock_config.storage_backend = "s3"
+        mock_config.s3_bucket = "test-bucket"
+        mock_config.s3_endpoint_url = "http://minio:9000"
+        mock_config.s3_access_key = "key"
+        mock_config.s3_secret_key = "secret"
+
+        with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"boto3": MagicMock()}):
+            backend = get_storage_backend()
+
+        assert isinstance(backend, S3StorageBackend)
+
+    @patch("SPARC.storage.config")
+    def test_case_insensitive_backend_selection(self, mock_config):
+        """Backend selection is case-insensitive."""
+        mock_config.storage_backend = "LOCAL"
+
+        backend = get_storage_backend()
+
+        assert isinstance(backend, LocalStorageBackend)

tests/test_tracked_companies.py

@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+"""Tests for tracked company admin endpoints and scheduler integration.
+
+Covers issue #1656:
+- GET /admin/tracked (list tracked companies)
+- POST /admin/tracked (add a tracked company)
+- DELETE /admin/tracked/{company_name} (remove a tracked company)
+- GET /admin/alerts (list alerts)
+- scheduler.run_scheduled_analysis() integration
+
+All tests mock the database layer and use JWT auth fixtures.
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch, call
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from SPARC.api import app
+from SPARC.auth import create_access_token
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    """Create test client."""
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def mock_db():
+    """Mock the database client used by admin and auth endpoints."""
+    db = MagicMock()
+
+    # Default admin user for auth
+    db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+        "id": 1,
+        "email": "admin@test.com",
+        "role": "admin",
+        "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+    }
+
+    with patch("SPARC.api.get_db_client", return_value=db), \
+         patch("SPARC.auth.get_db_client", return_value=db):
+        yield db
+
+
+def _admin_header():
+    """Create an Authorization header with a valid admin access token."""
+    token = create_access_token(1, "admin@test.com", "admin")
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+
+def _user_header():
+    """Create an Authorization header with a regular user access token."""
+    token = create_access_token(2, "user@test.com", "user")
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+
+# ---------- GET /admin/tracked ----------
+
+class TestListTrackedCompanies:
+    """GET /admin/tracked"""
+
+    def test_list_tracked_returns_companies(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Admin can list tracked companies."""
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "NVIDIA", "last_patent_count": 120, "last_analyzed": "2025-06-15"},
+            {"company_name": "AMD", "last_patent_count": 80, "last_analyzed": "2025-06-14"},
+        ]
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/tracked", headers=_admin_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["company_name"] == "NVIDIA"
+
+    def test_list_tracked_empty(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Returns empty list when no companies are tracked."""
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = []
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/tracked", headers=_admin_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert response.json() == []
+
+    def test_list_tracked_requires_admin(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user cannot access tracked companies list."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/tracked", headers=_user_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+    def test_list_tracked_unauthenticated(self, client):
+        """Unauthenticated request returns 401."""
+        response = client.get("/admin/tracked")
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+
+# ---------- POST /admin/tracked ----------
+
+class TestAddTrackedCompany:
+    """POST /admin/tracked"""
+
+    def test_add_tracked_company_success(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Admin can add a company to tracking."""
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.return_value = {
+            "company_name": "Intel",
+            "last_patent_count": 0,
+            "last_analyzed": None,
+        }
+
+        response = client.post(
+            "/admin/tracked",
+            json={"company_name": "Intel"},
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["company_name"] == "Intel"
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("Intel")
+
+    def test_add_duplicate_returns_409(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Adding an already-tracked company returns 409."""
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.return_value = None
+
+        response = client.post(
+            "/admin/tracked",
+            json={"company_name": "NVIDIA"},
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 409
+        assert "already tracked" in response.json()["detail"].lower()
+
+    def test_add_tracked_requires_admin(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user cannot add tracked companies."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+
+        response = client.post(
+            "/admin/tracked",
+            json={"company_name": "Intel"},
+            headers=_user_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+    def test_add_tracked_empty_name_rejected(self, client):
+        """Empty company name is rejected by validation."""
+        response = client.post(
+            "/admin/tracked",
+            json={"company_name": ""},
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 422  # Pydantic validation error
+
+
+# ---------- DELETE /admin/tracked/{company_name} ----------
+
+class TestRemoveTrackedCompany:
+    """DELETE /admin/tracked/{company_name}"""
+
+    def test_remove_tracked_company_success(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Admin can remove a tracked company."""
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.return_value = True
+
+        response = client.delete(
+            "/admin/tracked/NVIDIA",
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert "Stopped tracking" in response.json()["message"]
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("NVIDIA")
+
+    def test_remove_nonexistent_returns_404(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Removing a non-tracked company returns 404."""
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.return_value = False
+
+        response = client.delete(
+            "/admin/tracked/UnknownCorp",
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 404
+        assert "not found" in response.json()["detail"].lower()
+
+    def test_remove_tracked_requires_admin(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user cannot remove tracked companies."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+
+        response = client.delete(
+            "/admin/tracked/NVIDIA",
+            headers=_user_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+
+# ---------- GET /admin/alerts ----------
+
+class TestListAlerts:
+    """GET /admin/alerts"""
+
+    def test_list_alerts_returns_data(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Admin can list alerts."""
+        mock_db.list_alerts.return_value = [
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "company_name": "NVIDIA",
+                "alert_type": "patent_count_change",
+                "message": "Patent count increased by 25%",
+                "created_at": "2025-06-15T10:00:00Z",
+            },
+        ]
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/alerts", headers=_admin_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 1
+        assert data[0]["alert_type"] == "patent_count_change"
+
+    def test_list_alerts_with_limit(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Custom limit parameter is passed to the database."""
+        mock_db.list_alerts.return_value = []
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/alerts?limit=10", headers=_admin_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        mock_db.list_alerts.assert_called_once_with(limit=10)
+
+    def test_list_alerts_requires_admin(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user cannot access alerts."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/alerts", headers=_user_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+
+# ---------- Scheduler integration ----------
+
+class TestSchedulerIntegration:
+    """Tests for scheduler.run_scheduled_analysis()."""
+
+    def test_no_tracked_companies_skips_analysis(self):
+        """Scheduler does nothing when no companies are tracked."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = []
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer") as mock_analyzer_cls:
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        mock_analyzer_cls.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_scheduler_analyzes_each_tracked_company(self):
+        """Scheduler runs analysis for every tracked company."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "NVIDIA", "last_patent_count": 100},
+            {"company_name": "AMD", "last_patent_count": 50},
+        ]
+
+        mock_result_nvidia = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=110)
+        mock_result_amd = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=55)
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.side_effect = [mock_result_nvidia, mock_result_amd]
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        assert mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.call_count == 2
+        mock_db.update_tracked_company.assert_any_call("NVIDIA", 110)
+        mock_db.update_tracked_company.assert_any_call("AMD", 55)
+
+    def test_scheduler_triggers_alert_on_significant_change(self):
+        """Scheduler stores an alert when patent count changes significantly."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "Tesla", "last_patent_count": 100},
+        ]
+
+        mock_result = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=130)  # 30% increase
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.return_value = mock_result
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        mock_db.store_alert.assert_called_once()
+        alert_kwargs = mock_db.store_alert.call_args
+        assert alert_kwargs[1]["company_name"] == "Tesla"
+        assert alert_kwargs[1]["alert_type"] == "patent_count_change"
+        assert alert_kwargs[1]["old_value"] == 100
+        assert alert_kwargs[1]["new_value"] == 130
+
+    def test_scheduler_no_alert_for_small_change(self):
+        """Scheduler does not alert when change is below threshold."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "Intel", "last_patent_count": 100},
+        ]
+
+        mock_result = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=105)  # 5% increase
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.return_value = mock_result
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        mock_db.store_alert.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_scheduler_handles_analysis_failure(self):
+        """Scheduler continues when one company fails analysis."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "FailCo", "last_patent_count": 50},
+            {"company_name": "SuccessCo", "last_patent_count": 30},
+        ]
+
+        mock_fail_result = MagicMock(success=False, error="API timeout")
+        mock_ok_result = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=35)
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.side_effect = [mock_fail_result, mock_ok_result]
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        # FailCo should not get updated, SuccessCo should
+        mock_db.update_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("SuccessCo", 35)
+
+    def test_scheduler_handles_exception_in_analysis(self):
+        """Scheduler continues even when analysis raises an exception."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "CrashCo", "last_patent_count": 10},
+            {"company_name": "OKCo", "last_patent_count": 20},
+        ]
+
+        mock_ok_result = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=22)
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.side_effect = [
+            RuntimeError("unexpected error"),
+            mock_ok_result,
+        ]
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        # OKCo should still be processed
+        mock_db.update_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("OKCo", 22)

tests/test_webhooks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+"""Tests for webhook notification system: retry logic and Slack/Discord payload format.
+
+Covers issue #1657:
+- Retry logic with exponential backoff in _send_with_retry
+- Slack/Discord payload formatting in _build_payload
+- Generic HTTP POST payload formatting
+- notify() dispatching to multiple URLs
+- notify_job_completed() and notify_alert() convenience helpers
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch, call
+
+import pytest
+import requests
+
+from SPARC.webhooks import (
+    MAX_RETRIES,
+    _build_payload,
+    _is_slack_url,
+    _send_with_retry,
+    notify,
+    notify_alert,
+    notify_job_completed,
+)
+
+
+class TestIsSlackUrl:
+    """Tests for Slack/Discord URL detection."""
+
+    def test_slack_webhook_url(self):
+        assert _is_slack_url("https://hooks.slack.com/services/T00/B00/xxx") is True
+
+    def test_discord_webhook_url(self):
+        assert _is_slack_url("https://discord.com/api/webhooks/123/abc") is True
+
+    def test_generic_url(self):
+        assert _is_slack_url("https://example.com/webhook") is False
+
+    def test_empty_url(self):
+        assert _is_slack_url("") is False
+
+
+class TestBuildPayload:
+    """Tests for payload construction."""
+
+    def test_generic_payload_structure(self):
+        """Generic payload includes event type, timestamp, and data."""
+        payload = _build_payload("job_completed", {"job_id": "abc123"})
+
+        assert payload["event"] == "job_completed"
+        assert payload["job_id"] == "abc123"
+        assert "timestamp" in payload
+        # Timestamp should be ISO format ending with Z
+        assert payload["timestamp"].endswith("Z")
+
+    def test_slack_payload_wraps_in_text(self):
+        """Slack payload wraps content in a 'text' field."""
+        payload = _build_payload("patent_alert", {"company_name": "NVIDIA"}, slack=True)
+
+        assert "text" in payload
+        assert "patent_alert" in payload["text"]
+        assert "NVIDIA" in payload["text"]
+        # Slack payload should NOT have the event/timestamp at top level
+        assert "event" not in payload
+        assert "timestamp" not in payload
+
+    def test_generic_payload_does_not_have_text_field(self):
+        """Non-Slack payload does not wrap in text."""
+        payload = _build_payload("job_completed", {"status": "done"})
+
+        assert "text" not in payload
+        assert payload["status"] == "done"
+
+    def test_slack_payload_contains_bold_header(self):
+        """Slack payload starts with bold event header using Slack markdown."""
+        payload = _build_payload("job_completed", {"count": 5}, slack=True)
+
+        assert payload["text"].startswith("*[SPARC] job_completed*")
+
+    def test_payload_merges_all_data_keys(self):
+        """All data keys are included in the generic payload."""
+        data = {"key1": "val1", "key2": 42, "key3": True}
+        payload = _build_payload("test_event", data)
+
+        assert payload["key1"] == "val1"
+        assert payload["key2"] == 42
+        assert payload["key3"] is True
+
+
+class TestSendWithRetry:
+    """Tests for retry logic in _send_with_retry."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_success_on_first_attempt(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Successful delivery on first attempt, no retries."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=200)
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        mock_post.assert_called_once()
+        mock_sleep.assert_not_called()
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_success_on_second_attempt(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Fails first, succeeds on retry."""
+        mock_post.side_effect = [
+            MagicMock(status_code=500),
+            MagicMock(status_code=200),
+        ]
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        assert mock_post.call_count == 2
+        mock_sleep.assert_called_once()
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_all_retries_exhausted(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Returns False after all retries fail."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=500)
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is False
+        assert mock_post.call_count == MAX_RETRIES
+        assert mock_sleep.call_count == MAX_RETRIES - 1
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_exponential_backoff_timing(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Backoff wait times follow exponential pattern (2^attempt)."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=500)
+
+        _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        # With BACKOFF_BASE=2: attempt 1 -> sleep(2), attempt 2 -> sleep(4)
+        expected_waits = [call(2 ** i) for i in range(1, MAX_RETRIES)]
+        assert mock_sleep.call_args_list == expected_waits
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_network_error_triggers_retry(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Network exceptions trigger retry, not immediate failure."""
+        mock_post.side_effect = [
+            requests.ConnectionError("Connection refused"),
+            MagicMock(status_code=200),
+        ]
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        assert mock_post.call_count == 2
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_timeout_error_triggers_retry(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Timeout exceptions trigger retry."""
+        mock_post.side_effect = [
+            requests.Timeout("Request timed out"),
+            MagicMock(status_code=200),
+        ]
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        assert mock_post.call_count == 2
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_2xx_status_codes_accepted(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Any 2xx status code is treated as success."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=204)
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        mock_post.assert_called_once()
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_posts_json_payload(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Payload is sent as JSON with correct timeout."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=200)
+        payload = {"event": "test", "data": "value"}
+
+        _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", payload)
+
+        mock_post.assert_called_once_with(
+            "https://example.com/hook", json=payload, timeout=10
+        )
+
+
+class TestNotify:
+    """Tests for the notify() dispatcher."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks._send_with_retry")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.WEBHOOK_URLS", ["https://example.com/hook1", "https://example.com/hook2"])
+    def test_dispatches_to_all_urls(self, mock_send):
+        """notify() sends to every configured webhook URL."""
+        mock_send.return_value = True
+
+        notify("job_completed", {"job_id": "test123"})
+
+        assert mock_send.call_count == 2
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks._send_with_retry")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.WEBHOOK_URLS", [])
+    def test_no_urls_configured_returns_immediately(self, mock_send):
+        """No-op when no webhook URLs are configured."""
+        notify("job_completed", {"job_id": "test123"})
+
+        mock_send.assert_not_called()
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks._send_with_retry")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.WEBHOOK_URLS", [
+        "https://hooks.slack.com/services/T00/B00/xxx",
+        "https://example.com/generic",
+    ])
+    def test_slack_url_gets_slack_payload(self, mock_send):
+        """Slack URLs receive Slack-formatted payloads, others get generic."""
+        mock_send.return_value = True
+
+        notify("test_event", {"key": "val"})
+
+        # First call (Slack URL) should have "text" key
+        slack_payload = mock_send.call_args_list[0][0][1]
+        assert "text" in slack_payload
+
+        # Second call (generic URL) should have "event" key
+        generic_payload = mock_send.call_args_list[1][0][1]
+        assert "event" in generic_payload
+        assert generic_payload["event"] == "test_event"
+
+
+class TestNotifyJobCompleted:
+    """Tests for notify_job_completed() convenience function."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.notify")
+    def test_sends_correct_event_and_data(self, mock_notify):
+        """Job completion sends proper event type and summary."""
+        notify_job_completed(
+            job_id="batch-001",
+            status="completed",
+            total_companies=10,
+            successful=8,
+            failed=2,
+        )
+
+        mock_notify.assert_called_once()
+        event, data = mock_notify.call_args[0]
+        assert event == "job_completed"
+        assert data["job_id"] == "batch-001"
+        assert data["successful"] == 8
+        assert data["failed"] == 2
+        assert "8/10" in data["summary"]
+
+
+class TestNotifyAlert:
+    """Tests for notify_alert() convenience function."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.notify")
+    def test_sends_correct_event_and_data(self, mock_notify):
+        """Alert notification sends patent_alert event type."""
+        notify_alert(
+            company_name="NVIDIA",
+            alert_type="patent_count_change",
+            message="Patent count increased by 30%",
+        )
+
+        mock_notify.assert_called_once()
+        event, data = mock_notify.call_args[0]
+        assert event == "patent_alert"
+        assert data["company_name"] == "NVIDIA"
+        assert data["alert_type"] == "patent_count_change"
+        assert "30%" in data["message"]