Add multi-tenant support with owner_id isolation

- Add owner_id (FK to users) column to llm_messages, jobs, and
  tracked_companies tables via schema migration in initialize_schema()
- Filter all read/write operations by authenticated user's owner_id
  so users cannot see or modify each other's data
- Add user-scoped /tracked endpoints alongside existing admin ones
- Add admin-scoped /admin/analyses and /admin/jobs endpoints that
  return cross-tenant data without owner filtering
- Create migration script (scripts/migrate_add_owner_id.py) that
  backfills owner_id=1 for all existing rows
- Replace global UNIQUE on tracked_companies.company_name with
  per-owner unique index (company_name, owner_id)
- Fix route ordering: /analyze/batch and /analyze/patent routes now
  registered before /analyze/{company_name} to prevent path conflicts
- Update all existing API tests with proper auth headers and owner_id
  assertions
- Add comprehensive cross-tenant isolation test suite
  (tests/test_multi_tenant.py)

Closes leeworks-agents/SPARC#1677

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

ROADMAP.md

@@ -7,86 +7,124 @@ Semiconductor Patent & Analytics Report Core -- development priorities.
 SPARC is a patent analysis platform with a working end-to-end pipeline:
 Python/FastAPI backend, React/TypeScript frontend, PostgreSQL for persistence
 and caching, Docker Compose for local development, and Gitea Actions CI/CD for
-image builds. Core features (patent retrieval via SerpAPI, PDF parsing, LLM
+image builds and testing. Core features include patent retrieval via SerpAPI,
-analysis via OpenRouter/Claude, batch processing, JWT authentication, analytics
+PDF parsing, LLM analysis via OpenRouter (multi-model: Claude, GPT-4o, Gemini,
-dashboard) are all implemented and functional.
+Llama), batch processing, JWT authentication, analytics dashboard with patent
+trend charts, scheduled recurring analysis with alerting, webhook notifications
+(Slack/Discord), CSV and PDF export, S3/MinIO storage, side-by-side company
+comparison, and dark mode.
+
+---
+
+## Completed
+
+Items that have been implemented and merged into main.
+
+### Security hardening
+
+- ~~Rotate default JWT secret.~~ Startup check refuses to start with the
+  default secret in non-development environments.
+- ~~CORS allow-origins are hardcoded.~~ Allowed origins are now configurable
+  via environment variable.
+- ~~Database credentials in docker-compose.yml.~~ Compose references `.env`
+  for sensitive values.
+
+### Error handling and resilience
+
+- ~~`get_db_client()` creates a new `DatabaseClient` on every call.~~ Refactored
+  to a shared pooled singleton initialized at startup.
+- ~~No rate limiting on auth endpoints.~~ Rate limiting middleware added to
+  `/auth/login` and `/auth/register`.
+
+### Test coverage
+
+- ~~API tests bypass authentication.~~ JWT auth integration tests added (33
+  cases covering registration, login, protected routes, token refresh, and
+  admin-only endpoints).
+- ~~No test stage in CI.~~ Gitea Actions workflow now runs `pytest` and gates
+  the build.
+- ~~No linting or type checking in CI.~~ `ruff` (Python) and `tsc --noEmit`
+  (TypeScript) added to CI pipeline.
+
+### Backend
+
+- ~~Add structured logging.~~ Python `logging` module used throughout.
+- ~~Make LLM model configurable.~~ `MODEL` environment variable accepted;
+  multi-model support with per-analysis selection (GPT-4o, Gemini, Claude,
+  Llama).
+- ~~SERP cache TTL hardcoded.~~ `SERP_CACHE_TTL_HOURS` exposed as env var.
+- ~~Patent PDF storage.~~ S3/MinIO object storage backend added alongside
+  local filesystem. Volume mount requirement documented.
+- ~~`analyze_single_patent` assumes local file.~~ Auto-download from cached
+  metadata link integrated.
+- ~~`Patent.patent_id` typed as `int`.~~ Fixed to `str`.
+
+### Frontend
+
+- ~~No loading/error states.~~ Skeleton loaders and error states added to
+  Batch and Analytics pages.
+- ~~No dark mode.~~ Full dark mode support with theme-aware chart colors.
+- ~~Missing lockfile.~~ `package-lock.json` committed.
+
+### Features (formerly P3)
+
+- ~~Export analysis reports.~~ CSV and PDF export endpoints implemented.
+- ~~Comparison view.~~ Side-by-side company patent portfolio comparison added.
+- ~~Scheduled/recurring analysis.~~ APScheduler-based periodic re-analysis
+  with configurable interval and change-threshold alerting.
+- ~~Webhook/notification support.~~ Slack, Discord, and generic HTTP POST
+  webhooks with retry logic.
+- ~~Multi-model support.~~ Model picker in Analysis and Batch pages; backend
+  allow-list validation.
+- ~~Patent trend charts.~~ Filing frequency and category distribution
+  visualizations added to Analytics page.
+- ~~OpenAPI client generation.~~ TypeScript API client auto-generated from
+  FastAPI spec with CI freshness check.
+
+### Resilience
+
+- ~~`_jobs` dict is in-memory only.~~ Database-backed job persistence
+  implemented using `db.list_jobs()` and `mark_stale_jobs_failed()`. The
+  in-memory `_jobs` dict has been removed.
+
+### Test coverage (P1/P2)
+
+- ~~Export endpoint tests.~~ Tests added for CSV and PDF export endpoints.
+- ~~Tracked company admin endpoint tests.~~ Tests added for `/admin/tracked`
+  CRUD endpoints and scheduler integration.
+- ~~Webhook integration tests.~~ Tests added for retry logic, Slack/Discord
+  payload format, and multi-URL dispatch.
+- ~~S3/MinIO storage backend tests.~~ Unit tests added for the S3 backend
+  (read, write, exists, delete, error handling).
+- ~~`analyze_single_patent` auto-download path tests.~~ Tests added for the
+  auto-download fallback (cache lookup, PDF download, FileNotFoundError).
+
+### Code quality
+
+- ~~Scheduler creates its own DatabaseClient.~~ Refactored to use the
+  application-level pooled `get_db_client()`.
 
 ---
 
 ## P1 -- High Priority
 
-These items address correctness, security, and reliability gaps that should be
+No outstanding P1 items. All previously listed items have been completed and
-resolved before broader production use.
+moved to the Completed section above.
-
-### Security hardening
-
-- **Rotate default JWT secret.** `auth.py` ships a fallback
-  `sparc-secret-key-change-in-production` that will be used if `JWT_SECRET` is
-  unset. Add a startup check that refuses to start with the default secret in
-  non-development environments.
-- **CORS allow-origins are hardcoded.** `api.py` only permits
-  `localhost:3000` and `localhost:5173`. Make the allowed origins configurable
-  via environment variable so the dashboard works when deployed behind a real
-  domain.
-- **Database credentials in docker-compose.yml.** The compose file embeds
-  `postgres:postgres` in plain text. Reference a `.env` file or Docker secrets
-  instead.
-
-### Error handling and resilience
-
-- **`get_db_client()` in `auth.py` creates a new `DatabaseClient` on every
-  call.** This bypasses the connection pool and can exhaust database
-  connections under load. Refactor to share a single pooled client.
-- **`_jobs` dict is in-memory only.** Job state is lost on API restart. Persist
-  job status in PostgreSQL or Redis so async batch results survive restarts.
-- **No rate limiting on auth endpoints.** `/auth/login` and `/auth/register`
-  are unprotected against brute-force or abuse. Add rate limiting middleware.
-
-### Test coverage for auth and admin
-
-- The existing API tests (`tests/test_api.py`) bypass authentication entirely.
-  Add tests that exercise the JWT flow: registration, login, protected-route
-  access, token refresh, and admin-only endpoints.
 
 ---
 
 ## P2 -- Medium Priority
 
-Improvements to usability, performance, and developer experience.
+Improvements to the API surface.
 
-### Backend
+### API improvements
 
-- **Add structured logging.** Replace `print()` calls throughout `analyzer.py`,
+- **API pagination.** The `/analyze/batch` endpoint needs cursor-based
-  `serp_api.py`, and `llm.py` with Python `logging` so log levels and
+  pagination for large result sets. The `/jobs` endpoint already has cursor
-  formatting are consistent.
+  pagination. *(Issue #1669)*
-- **Make LLM model configurable.** `llm.py` hardcodes
+- **Request validation improvements.** Add stricter input validation for
-  `anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet`. Accept a `MODEL` environment variable to allow
+  company names (disallow special characters, enforce length limits).
-  switching models without code changes.
+  *(Issue #1670)*
-- **SERP cache TTL is hardcoded to 24 hours.** Expose `SERP_CACHE_TTL_HOURS`
-  as an environment variable in `config.py`.
-- **Patent PDF storage.** PDFs are saved to a local `patents/` directory. For
-  containerized deployments, consider object storage (S3/MinIO) or at minimum
-  document the volume mount requirement more prominently.
-- **`analyze_single_patent` assumes local file path.** The method constructs
-  `patents/{patent_id}.pdf` and reads from disk, but does not download the PDF
-  first. Either integrate the download step or document the prerequisite.
-- **`Patent.patent_id` typed as `int` in `types.py` but used as `str`
-  everywhere.** Fix the type annotation to `str`.
-
-### Frontend
-
-- **No loading/error states on several pages.** The Batch and Analytics pages
-  would benefit from skeleton loaders and user-friendly error messages.
-- **No dark mode.** Tailwind is configured but no dark variant is applied.
-- **Missing `package-lock.json` or `pnpm-lock.yaml`.** The frontend has no
-  lockfile committed, leading to non-reproducible builds.
-
-### CI/CD
-
-- **No test stage in the Gitea Actions workflow.** `build.yaml` builds and
-  pushes images but never runs `pytest`. Add a test job that gates the build.
-- **No linting or type checking.** Add `ruff` (Python) and `tsc --noEmit`
-  (TypeScript) to CI.
 
 ---
 
@@ -94,23 +132,20 @@ Improvements to usability, performance, and developer experience.
 
 Lower-urgency enhancements and future features.
 
-- **Export analysis reports.** Allow users to download analysis results as PDF
+- **Historical analysis diffing.** Show what changed between two analysis runs
-  or CSV from the dashboard.
+  for the same company, highlighting new patents and score shifts.
-- **Comparison view.** Side-by-side comparison of two companies' patent
+- **Patent classification tagging.** Automatically tag patents by technology
-  portfolios.
+  domain (AI, semiconductors, materials science) using LLM classification.
-- **Scheduled/recurring analysis.** Periodically re-analyze tracked companies
+- **User-level API keys.** Allow users to generate personal API keys for
-  and alert on significant changes.
+  programmatic access without JWT token refresh.
-- **Webhook/notification support.** Send alerts (Slack, Discord, email) when
+- **Batch export.** Export analysis results for multiple companies at once as
-  batch jobs complete or when a company's innovation score changes
+  a ZIP archive.
-  significantly.
+- **Rate limiting dashboard.** Surface rate limit status and usage statistics
-- **Multi-model support.** Let users choose between LLM providers per analysis
+  in the admin panel.
-  (e.g., GPT-4o, Gemini, Claude) and compare outputs.
+- **Async webhook delivery.** Move webhook delivery to a background task queue
-- **Patent trend charts.** Visualize patent filing frequency and technology
+  (e.g., Celery, arq) to avoid blocking the scheduler.
-  category distribution over time in the Analytics page.
+- **Multi-tenant support.** Scope analysis results and tracked companies per
-- **API pagination.** The `/analyze/batch` and `/jobs` endpoints could benefit
+  user or organization.
-  from cursor-based pagination for large result sets.
-- **OpenAPI client generation.** Auto-generate the TypeScript API client from
-  the FastAPI OpenAPI spec to keep frontend types in sync.
 
 ---
 

SPARC/api.py

@@ -5,17 +5,18 @@ Provides REST API endpoints for analyzing company patent portfolios.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from collections import deque
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Annotated, List
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from SPARC.database import DatabaseClient
 
-from fastapi import BackgroundTasks, Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Query, Request
+from fastapi import BackgroundTasks, Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Path, Query, Request
 from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
 from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, StreamingResponse
-from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr, Field
+from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr, Field, StringConstraints
 from slowapi import Limiter
 from slowapi.errors import RateLimitExceeded
 from slowapi.util import get_remote_address
@@ -36,6 +37,16 @@ from SPARC.auth import (
 )
 from SPARC.types import BatchAnalysisResult, CompanyAnalysisResult
 
+# Validated company name type: 2-100 chars, alphanumeric + spaces/hyphens/ampersands/periods only.
+CompanyName = Annotated[
+    str,
+    StringConstraints(
+        min_length=2,
+        max_length=100,
+        pattern=r"^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 \-&.]*$",
+    ),
+]
+
 
 # Pydantic models for API
 class CompanyAnalysisResponse(BaseModel):
@@ -72,7 +83,7 @@ class CompanyAnalysisRequest(BaseModel):
 class BatchAnalysisRequest(BaseModel):
     """Request model for batch company analysis."""
 
-    companies: list[str] = Field(
+    companies: list[CompanyName] = Field(
         ..., min_length=1, max_length=20, description="List of company names to analyze"
     )
     max_workers: int = Field(
@@ -96,6 +107,24 @@ class JobStatus(BaseModel):
     error: str | None = None
 
 
+class AnalysisRecord(BaseModel):
+    """A single stored analysis result."""
+
+    id: int
+    company_name: str | None = None
+    analysis_type: str | None = None
+    model: str | None = None
+    response: str | None = None
+    timestamp: datetime | None = None
+
+
+class PaginatedAnalysisResponse(BaseModel):
+    """Paginated response for analysis result listings."""
+
+    items: list[AnalysisRecord]
+    next_cursor: str | None = None
+
+
 class PaginatedJobsResponse(BaseModel):
     """Paginated response for job listings."""
 
@@ -217,10 +246,45 @@ app = FastAPI(
 limiter = Limiter(key_func=get_remote_address)
 app.state.limiter = limiter
 
+# In-memory rate limit statistics
+_rate_limit_stats: dict[str, dict] = {}
+
+# Time-series log of rejected requests (capped to last 24 h worth of entries).
+_rejected_log: deque[dict] = deque(maxlen=100_000)
+
+
+def _track_rate_limit_request(endpoint: str, ip: str, rejected: bool = False) -> None:
+    """Record a request against a rate-limited endpoint."""
+    key = endpoint
+    if key not in _rate_limit_stats:
+        _rate_limit_stats[key] = {
+            "endpoint": endpoint,
+            "total_requests": 0,
+            "rejected_requests": 0,
+            "by_ip": {},
+        }
+    _rate_limit_stats[key]["total_requests"] += 1
+    if rejected:
+        _rate_limit_stats[key]["rejected_requests"] += 1
+        _rejected_log.append({
+            "endpoint": endpoint,
+            "ip": ip,
+            "timestamp": datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+        })
+    ip_stats = _rate_limit_stats[key].setdefault("by_ip", {})
+    if ip not in ip_stats:
+        ip_stats[ip] = {"total": 0, "rejected": 0}
+    ip_stats[ip]["total"] += 1
+    if rejected:
+        ip_stats[ip]["rejected"] += 1
+
 
 @app.exception_handler(RateLimitExceeded)
 async def rate_limit_handler(request: Request, exc: RateLimitExceeded):
     """Return 429 with Retry-After header when rate limit is exceeded."""
+    endpoint = request.url.path
+    ip = get_remote_address(request)
+    _track_rate_limit_request(endpoint, ip, rejected=True)
     retry_after = getattr(exc, "retry_after", 60)
     return JSONResponse(
         status_code=429,
@@ -249,6 +313,7 @@ async def register(request: Request, body: RegisterRequest):
 
     The first registered user automatically becomes an admin.
     """
+    _track_rate_limit_request("/auth/register", get_remote_address(request))
     db = get_db_client()
 
     # First user becomes admin
@@ -279,6 +344,7 @@ async def register(request: Request, body: RegisterRequest):
 @limiter.limit("10/minute")
 async def login(request: Request, body: LoginRequest):
     """Authenticate user and return JWT tokens."""
+    _track_rate_limit_request("/auth/login", get_remote_address(request))
     db = get_db_client()
 
     user = db.authenticate_user(body.email, body.password)
@@ -405,14 +471,49 @@ async def delete_user(
 class TrackCompanyRequest(BaseModel):
     """Request to add a company to tracking."""
 
-    company_name: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=255)
+    company_name: CompanyName = Field(...)
+
+
+@app.get("/tracked", tags=["Tracked Companies"])
+async def list_my_tracked_companies(
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """List tracked companies for the current user."""
+    db = get_db_client()
+    return db.list_tracked_companies(owner_id=current_user.id)
+
+
+@app.post("/tracked", tags=["Tracked Companies"])
+async def add_my_tracked_company(
+    request: TrackCompanyRequest,
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Add a company to the current user's tracked list."""
+    db = get_db_client()
+    result = db.add_tracked_company(request.company_name, owner_id=current_user.id)
+    if not result:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=409, detail="Company already tracked")
+    return result
+
+
+@app.delete("/tracked/{company_name}", tags=["Tracked Companies"])
+async def remove_my_tracked_company(
+    company_name: Annotated[str, Path(min_length=2, max_length=100, pattern=r"^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 \-&.]*$")],
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Remove a company from the current user's tracked list."""
+    db = get_db_client()
+    removed = db.remove_tracked_company(company_name, owner_id=current_user.id)
+    if not removed:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Company not found in tracking list")
+    return {"message": f"Stopped tracking {company_name}"}
 
 
 @app.get("/admin/tracked", tags=["Admin"])
 async def list_tracked_companies(
     _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_admin),
 ):
-    """List all tracked companies (admin only)."""
+    """List all tracked companies across all users (admin only)."""
     db = get_db_client()
     return db.list_tracked_companies()
 
@@ -420,11 +521,11 @@ async def list_tracked_companies(
 @app.post("/admin/tracked", tags=["Admin"])
 async def add_tracked_company(
     request: TrackCompanyRequest,
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_admin),
+    current_admin: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_admin),
 ):
-    """Add a company to the tracked list (admin only)."""
+    """Add a company to the tracked list (admin only, owned by admin)."""
     db = get_db_client()
-    result = db.add_tracked_company(request.company_name)
+    result = db.add_tracked_company(request.company_name, owner_id=current_admin.id)
     if not result:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=409, detail="Company already tracked")
     return result
@@ -432,10 +533,10 @@ async def add_tracked_company(
 
 @app.delete("/admin/tracked/{company_name}", tags=["Admin"])
 async def remove_tracked_company(
-    company_name: str,
+    company_name: Annotated[str, Path(min_length=2, max_length=100, pattern=r"^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 \-&.]*$")],
     _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_admin),
 ):
-    """Remove a company from the tracked list (admin only)."""
+    """Remove a company from the tracked list (admin only, any owner)."""
     db = get_db_client()
     removed = db.remove_tracked_company(company_name)
     if not removed:
@@ -443,6 +544,69 @@ async def remove_tracked_company(
     return {"message": f"Stopped tracking {company_name}"}
 
 
+@app.get("/admin/rate-limits", tags=["Admin"])
+async def get_rate_limit_stats(
+    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_admin),
+):
+    """Get rate limit status and usage statistics (admin only).
+
+    Returns current rate limit configuration and request statistics
+    for all rate-limited endpoints, including per-IP breakdown and
+    a time-series of throttled (rejected) requests in the last 24 hours.
+
+    Returns:
+        Rate limit stats per endpoint, per-IP breakdown, and throttled
+        request history bucketed by hour.
+    """
+    rate_limits_config = {
+        "/auth/register": {"limit": "5/minute"},
+        "/auth/login": {"limit": "10/minute"},
+    }
+
+    results = []
+    for endpoint, conf in rate_limits_config.items():
+        stats = _rate_limit_stats.get(endpoint, {})
+        by_ip_raw = stats.get("by_ip", {})
+        by_ip = [
+            {"ip": ip, "total": counts["total"], "rejected": counts["rejected"]}
+            for ip, counts in by_ip_raw.items()
+        ]
+        results.append({
+            "endpoint": endpoint,
+            "limit": conf["limit"],
+            "total_requests": stats.get("total_requests", 0),
+            "rejected_requests": stats.get("rejected_requests", 0),
+            "by_ip": by_ip,
+        })
+
+    # Build hourly buckets of throttled requests for the last 24 hours
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    cutoff = now - timedelta(hours=24)
+    hourly_buckets: dict[str, int] = {}
+    throttled_24h = 0
+    for entry in _rejected_log:
+        ts_str = entry["timestamp"]
+        try:
+            ts = datetime.fromisoformat(ts_str)
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            continue
+        if ts >= cutoff:
+            throttled_24h += 1
+            bucket = ts.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:00:00Z")
+            hourly_buckets[bucket] = hourly_buckets.get(bucket, 0) + 1
+
+    throttled_over_time = [
+        {"timestamp": k, "count": v}
+        for k, v in sorted(hourly_buckets.items())
+    ]
+
+    return {
+        "rate_limits": results,
+        "throttled_24h": throttled_24h,
+        "throttled_over_time": throttled_over_time,
+    }
+
+
 @app.get("/admin/alerts", tags=["Admin"])
 async def list_alerts(
     limit: int = Query(default=50, ge=1, le=200),
@@ -453,17 +617,86 @@ async def list_alerts(
     return db.list_alerts(limit=limit)
 
 
+# ============== Admin-Scoped Data Endpoints ==============
+
+
+@app.get("/admin/analyses", response_model=PaginatedAnalysisResponse, tags=["Admin"])
+async def admin_list_analyses(
+    company_name: Annotated[
+        str | None,
+        Query(description="Filter results by company name"),
+    ] = None,
+    limit: Annotated[int, Query(ge=1, le=200)] = 50,
+    cursor: Annotated[
+        str | None,
+        Query(description="Opaque cursor from a previous response's next_cursor field"),
+    ] = None,
+    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_admin),
+):
+    """List all analysis results across all users (admin only)."""
+    db = _get_job_db()
+    rows = db.list_analyses(company_name=company_name, limit=limit + 1, cursor=cursor)
+
+    has_next = len(rows) > limit
+    if has_next:
+        rows = rows[:limit]
+
+    items = [AnalysisRecord(**row) for row in rows]
+
+    next_cursor = None
+    if has_next and rows:
+        last = rows[-1]
+        ts = last["timestamp"]
+        ts_str = ts.isoformat() if hasattr(ts, "isoformat") else str(ts)
+        next_cursor = f"{ts_str}|{last['id']}"
+
+    return PaginatedAnalysisResponse(items=items, next_cursor=next_cursor)
+
+
+@app.get("/admin/jobs", response_model=PaginatedJobsResponse, tags=["Admin"])
+async def admin_list_jobs(
+    status: Annotated[
+        str | None,
+        Query(description="Filter by status: pending, running, completed, failed"),
+    ] = None,
+    limit: Annotated[int, Query(ge=1, le=200)] = 50,
+    cursor: Annotated[
+        str | None,
+        Query(description="Opaque cursor from a previous response's next_cursor field"),
+    ] = None,
+    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_admin),
+):
+    """List all jobs across all users (admin only)."""
+    db = _get_job_db()
+    job_rows = db.list_jobs(status=status, limit=limit + 1, cursor=cursor)
+
+    has_next = len(job_rows) > limit
+    if has_next:
+        job_rows = job_rows[:limit]
+
+    items = [_job_row_to_status(row) for row in job_rows]
+
+    next_cursor = None
+    if has_next and job_rows:
+        last = job_rows[-1]
+        created = last["created_at"]
+        ts = created.isoformat() if hasattr(created, "isoformat") else str(created)
+        next_cursor = f"{ts}|{last['job_id']}"
+
+    return PaginatedJobsResponse(items=items, next_cursor=next_cursor)
+
+
 # ============== Analytics Endpoint ==============
 
 
 @app.get("/analytics", response_model=AnalyticsResponse, tags=["Analytics"])
 async def get_analytics(
     days: int = Query(default=30, ge=1, le=365),
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
-    """Get analytics data (authenticated users only)."""
+    """Get analytics data scoped to the current user."""
     db = get_db_client()
-    analytics = db.get_analytics(days=days)
+    analytics = db.get_analytics(days=days, owner_id=current_user.id)
 
     return AnalyticsResponse(
         total_messages=analytics["total_messages"],
@@ -516,9 +749,9 @@ async def list_models():
 @app.get("/analytics/trends", tags=["Analytics"])
 async def get_analytics_trends(
     days: int = Query(default=90, ge=7, le=365),
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
-    """Get trend data for patent analysis over time.
+    """Get trend data for patent analysis over time (scoped to current user).
 
     Returns two datasets:
     - ``by_month``: analysis count per company per month
@@ -532,11 +765,14 @@ async def get_analytics_trends(
     """
     db = get_db_client()
 
+    owner_filter = " AND owner_id = %s" if current_user else ""
+    owner_params = (current_user.id,) if current_user else ()
+
     with db.get_conn() as conn:
         with conn.cursor() as cur:
             # Analyses per company per month
             cur.execute(
-                """
+                f"""
                 SELECT
                     TO_CHAR(timestamp, 'YYYY-MM') AS month,
                     company_name,
@@ -545,16 +781,17 @@ async def get_analytics_trends(
                 WHERE timestamp >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%s days'
                     AND is_cached = FALSE
                     AND company_name IS NOT NULL
+                    {owner_filter}
                 GROUP BY month, company_name
                 ORDER BY month
                 """,
-                (days,),
+                (days, *owner_params),
             )
             by_month_rows = cur.fetchall()
 
             # Analysis type distribution per month
             cur.execute(
-                """
+                f"""
                 SELECT
                     TO_CHAR(timestamp, 'YYYY-MM') AS month,
                     analysis_type,
@@ -562,10 +799,11 @@ async def get_analytics_trends(
                 FROM llm_messages
                 WHERE timestamp >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%s days'
                     AND is_cached = FALSE
+                    {owner_filter}
                 GROUP BY month, analysis_type
                 ORDER BY month
                 """,
-                (days,),
+                (days, *owner_params),
             )
             by_type_rows = cur.fetchall()
 
@@ -590,10 +828,10 @@ async def get_analytics_trends(
 
 @app.get("/export/{company_name}", tags=["Export"])
 async def export_company_csv(
-    company_name: str,
+    company_name: Annotated[str, Path(min_length=2, max_length=100, pattern=r"^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 \-&.]*$")],
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
-    """Export analysis results for a company as a CSV file.
+    """Export analysis results for a company as a CSV file (scoped to current user).
 
     Returns all stored analysis records for the given company, including
     analysis type, model used, response text, and timestamp.
@@ -608,7 +846,7 @@ async def export_company_csv(
     import io
 
     db = get_db_client()
-    # Query all non-cached analysis results for this company
+    # Query all non-cached analysis results for this company owned by current user
     with db.get_conn() as conn:
         with conn.cursor() as cur:
             cur.execute(
@@ -616,9 +854,10 @@ async def export_company_csv(
                 SELECT company_name, analysis_type, model, response, timestamp
                 FROM llm_messages
                 WHERE LOWER(company_name) = LOWER(%s) AND is_cached = FALSE
+                    AND owner_id = %s
                 ORDER BY timestamp DESC
                 """,
-                (company_name,),
+                (company_name, current_user.id),
             )
             rows = cur.fetchall()
 
@@ -642,10 +881,10 @@ async def export_company_csv(
 
 @app.get("/export/{company_name}/pdf", tags=["Export"])
 async def export_company_pdf(
-    company_name: str,
+    company_name: Annotated[str, Path(min_length=2, max_length=100, pattern=r"^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 \-&.]*$")],
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
-    """Export analysis results for a company as a formatted PDF report.
+    """Export analysis results for a company as a formatted PDF report (scoped to current user).
 
     Returns all stored analysis records for the given company, including
     analysis type, model used, response text, and timestamp, formatted
@@ -679,9 +918,10 @@ async def export_company_pdf(
                 SELECT company_name, analysis_type, model, response, timestamp
                 FROM llm_messages
                 WHERE LOWER(company_name) = LOWER(%s) AND is_cached = FALSE
+                    AND owner_id = %s
                 ORDER BY timestamp DESC
                 """,
-                (company_name,),
+                (company_name, current_user.id),
             )
             rows = cur.fetchall()
 
@@ -811,65 +1051,55 @@ async def health_check():
 
 
 @app.get(
-    "/analyze/{company_name}",
+    "/analyze/batch",
-    response_model=CompanyAnalysisResponse,
+    response_model=PaginatedAnalysisResponse,
     tags=["Analysis"],
 )
-async def analyze_company(
+async def list_analysis_results(
-    company_name: str,
+    company_name: Annotated[
-    model: str | None = Query(default=None, description="LLM model to use (e.g. 'openai/gpt-4o'). Defaults to server config."),
+        str | None,
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+        Query(description="Filter results by company name"),
+    ] = None,
+    limit: Annotated[int, Query(ge=1, le=200)] = 50,
+    cursor: Annotated[
+        str | None,
+        Query(description="Opaque cursor from a previous response's next_cursor field"),
+    ] = None,
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
-    """Analyze a single company's patent portfolio.
+    """List stored analysis results with cursor-based pagination (scoped to current user).
 
-    This endpoint retrieves recent patents for the specified company,
+    Returns past analysis results ordered by timestamp descending. Use
-    parses them, and uses AI to generate a comprehensive analysis.
+    ``limit`` to control page size (default 50, max 200). The response
+    includes a ``next_cursor`` field; pass it back as the ``cursor`` query
+    parameter to fetch the next page. When ``next_cursor`` is ``null``,
+    there are no more results.
 
     Args:
-        company_name: Name of the company to analyze (e.g., "nvidia", "intel")
+        company_name: Optional filter by company name
-        model: Optional LLM model override
+        limit: Maximum number of results to return (default 50, max 200)
+        cursor: Opaque pagination cursor from a previous response
 
     Returns:
-        Analysis results including patent count, AI insights, and success status
+        Paginated list of analysis results
     """
-    _validate_model(model)
+    db = _get_job_db()
-    if not _analyzer:
+    rows = db.list_analyses(company_name=company_name, limit=limit + 1, cursor=cursor, owner_id=current_user.id)
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail="Analyzer not initialized")
 
-    result = _analyzer._analyze_company_safe(company_name, model=model)
+    has_next = len(rows) > limit
-    return _convert_result(result)
+    if has_next:
+        rows = rows[:limit]
 
+    items = [AnalysisRecord(**row) for row in rows]
 
-@app.get(
+    next_cursor = None
-    "/analyze/patent/{patent_id}",
+    if has_next and rows:
-    tags=["Analysis"],
+        last = rows[-1]
-)
+        ts = last["timestamp"]
-async def analyze_single_patent(
+        ts_str = ts.isoformat() if hasattr(ts, "isoformat") else str(ts)
-    patent_id: str,
+        next_cursor = f"{ts_str}|{last['id']}"
-    company_name: str = Query(description="Company name for analysis context"),
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
-):
-    """Analyze a single patent by its publication ID.
 
-    If the patent PDF is not already cached locally, the system will attempt
+    return PaginatedAnalysisResponse(items=items, next_cursor=next_cursor)
-    to download it automatically from a previously cached link. If no link
-    is available, a 404 error is returned.
-
-    Args:
-        patent_id: Patent publication ID (e.g. "US-11234567-B2")
-        company_name: Company name for analysis context
-
-    Returns:
-        Analysis text for the patent
-    """
-    if not _analyzer:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail="Analyzer not initialized")
-
-    try:
-        analysis = _analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, company_name)
-        return {"patent_id": patent_id, "company_name": company_name, "analysis": analysis}
-    except FileNotFoundError as e:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(e))
 
 
 @app.post(
@@ -904,6 +1134,68 @@ async def analyze_companies_batch(
     return _convert_batch_result(result)
 
 
+@app.get(
+    "/analyze/patent/{patent_id}",
+    tags=["Analysis"],
+)
+async def analyze_single_patent(
+    patent_id: str,
+    company_name: Annotated[str, Query(min_length=2, max_length=100, pattern=r"^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 \-&.]*$", description="Company name for analysis context")],
+    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Analyze a single patent by its publication ID.
+
+    If the patent PDF is not already cached locally, the system will attempt
+    to download it automatically from a previously cached link. If no link
+    is available, a 404 error is returned.
+
+    Args:
+        patent_id: Patent publication ID (e.g. "US-11234567-B2")
+        company_name: Company name for analysis context
+
+    Returns:
+        Analysis text for the patent
+    """
+    if not _analyzer:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail="Analyzer not initialized")
+
+    try:
+        analysis = _analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, company_name)
+        return {"patent_id": patent_id, "company_name": company_name, "analysis": analysis}
+    except FileNotFoundError as e:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(e))
+
+
+@app.get(
+    "/analyze/{company_name}",
+    response_model=CompanyAnalysisResponse,
+    tags=["Analysis"],
+)
+async def analyze_company(
+    company_name: Annotated[str, Path(min_length=2, max_length=100, pattern=r"^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 \-&.]*$")],
+    model: str | None = Query(default=None, description="LLM model to use (e.g. 'openai/gpt-4o'). Defaults to server config."),
+    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Analyze a single company's patent portfolio.
+
+    This endpoint retrieves recent patents for the specified company,
+    parses them, and uses AI to generate a comprehensive analysis.
+
+    Args:
+        company_name: Name of the company to analyze (e.g., "nvidia", "intel")
+        model: Optional LLM model override
+
+    Returns:
+        Analysis results including patent count, AI insights, and success status
+    """
+    _validate_model(model)
+    if not _analyzer:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail="Analyzer not initialized")
+
+    result = _analyzer._analyze_company_safe(company_name, model=model)
+    return _convert_result(result)
+
+
 def _get_job_db() -> "DatabaseClient":
     """Get a DatabaseClient for job persistence."""
     from SPARC.database import DatabaseClient
@@ -990,7 +1282,7 @@ def _run_batch_job(job_id: str, companies: list[str], max_workers: int, model: s
 async def analyze_companies_async(
     request: BatchAnalysisRequest,
     background_tasks: BackgroundTasks,
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
     """Start an asynchronous batch analysis job.
 
@@ -1010,7 +1302,7 @@ async def analyze_companies_async(
     job_id = f"job_{_job_counter}_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')}"
 
     db = _get_job_db()
-    job_row = db.create_job(job_id=job_id, total_companies=len(request.companies))
+    job_row = db.create_job(job_id=job_id, total_companies=len(request.companies), owner_id=current_user.id)
 
     background_tasks.add_task(
         _run_batch_job, job_id, request.companies, request.max_workers, request.model
@@ -1022,9 +1314,9 @@ async def analyze_companies_async(
 @app.get("/jobs/{job_id}", response_model=JobStatus, tags=["Jobs"])
 async def get_job_status(
     job_id: str,
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
-    """Get the status of a background analysis job.
+    """Get the status of a background analysis job (scoped to current user).
 
     Args:
         job_id: The job ID returned from the async batch endpoint
@@ -1033,7 +1325,7 @@ async def get_job_status(
         Current job status including progress and results when complete
     """
     db = _get_job_db()
-    job_row = db.get_job(job_id)
+    job_row = db.get_job(job_id, owner_id=current_user.id)
 
     if not job_row:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"Job {job_id} not found")
@@ -1047,14 +1339,14 @@ async def list_jobs(
         str | None,
         Query(description="Filter by status: pending, running, completed, failed"),
     ] = None,
-    limit: Annotated[int, Query(ge=1, le=100)] = 10,
+    limit: Annotated[int, Query(ge=1, le=200)] = 50,
     cursor: Annotated[
         str | None,
         Query(description="Opaque cursor from a previous response's next_cursor field"),
     ] = None,
-    _: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
+    current_user: UserResponse = Depends(get_current_user),
 ):
-    """List analysis jobs with cursor-based pagination.
+    """List analysis jobs with cursor-based pagination (scoped to current user).
 
     Pass ``limit`` to control page size. The response includes a ``next_cursor``
     field; pass it back as the ``cursor`` query parameter to fetch the next page.
@@ -1073,7 +1365,7 @@ async def list_jobs(
     """
     db = _get_job_db()
     # Fetch one extra to determine if there is a next page
-    job_rows = db.list_jobs(status=status, limit=limit + 1, cursor=cursor)
+    job_rows = db.list_jobs(status=status, limit=limit + 1, cursor=cursor, owner_id=current_user.id)
 
     has_next = len(job_rows) > limit
     if has_next:

SPARC/database.py

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ class DatabaseClient:
             cursor.execute("""
                 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tracked_companies (
                     id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
-                    company_name VARCHAR(255) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
+                    company_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
                     last_patent_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
                     last_analysis_at TIMESTAMP,
                     created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
@@ -221,6 +221,68 @@ class DatabaseClient:
                 ON alerts(company_name)
             """)
 
+            # ---- Multi-tenant: add owner_id columns if missing ----
+            cursor.execute("""
+                DO $$
+                BEGIN
+                    -- llm_messages.owner_id
+                    IF NOT EXISTS (
+                        SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns
+                        WHERE table_name = 'llm_messages' AND column_name = 'owner_id'
+                    ) THEN
+                        ALTER TABLE llm_messages ADD COLUMN owner_id INTEGER REFERENCES users(id);
+                    END IF;
+                    -- jobs.owner_id
+                    IF NOT EXISTS (
+                        SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns
+                        WHERE table_name = 'jobs' AND column_name = 'owner_id'
+                    ) THEN
+                        ALTER TABLE jobs ADD COLUMN owner_id INTEGER REFERENCES users(id);
+                    END IF;
+                    -- tracked_companies.owner_id
+                    IF NOT EXISTS (
+                        SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns
+                        WHERE table_name = 'tracked_companies' AND column_name = 'owner_id'
+                    ) THEN
+                        ALTER TABLE tracked_companies ADD COLUMN owner_id INTEGER REFERENCES users(id);
+                    END IF;
+                END $$;
+            """)
+
+            # Indexes for owner_id filtering
+            cursor.execute("""
+                CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_messages_owner
+                ON llm_messages(owner_id)
+            """)
+            cursor.execute("""
+                CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_jobs_owner
+                ON jobs(owner_id)
+            """)
+            cursor.execute("""
+                CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_tracked_companies_owner
+                ON tracked_companies(owner_id)
+            """)
+
+            # Drop the old unique constraint on company_name alone (if it exists)
+            # and replace with a per-owner unique constraint so different users
+            # can track the same company independently.
+            cursor.execute("""
+                DO $$
+                BEGIN
+                    IF EXISTS (
+                        SELECT 1 FROM pg_constraint
+                        WHERE conname = 'tracked_companies_company_name_key'
+                    ) THEN
+                        ALTER TABLE tracked_companies
+                            DROP CONSTRAINT tracked_companies_company_name_key;
+                    END IF;
+                END $$;
+            """)
+            cursor.execute("""
+                CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS uq_tracked_company_owner
+                ON tracked_companies(LOWER(company_name), owner_id)
+            """)
+
             self.conn.commit()
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -289,6 +351,7 @@ class DatabaseClient:
         metadata: Optional[Dict] = None,
         token_usage: Optional[Dict] = None,
         is_cached: bool = False,
+        owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
     ) -> int:
         """Store an LLM message exchange in the database.
 
@@ -301,6 +364,7 @@ class DatabaseClient:
             metadata: Additional metadata as dict
             token_usage: Token usage information
             is_cached: Whether this response was served from cache
+            owner_id: ID of the user who owns this record
 
         Returns:
             The ID of the inserted record
@@ -312,8 +376,8 @@ class DatabaseClient:
                 cursor.execute(
                     """
                     INSERT INTO llm_messages
-                    (prompt, prompt_hash, response, company_name, analysis_type, model, metadata, token_usage, is_cached)
+                    (prompt, prompt_hash, response, company_name, analysis_type, model, metadata, token_usage, is_cached, owner_id)
-                    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
+                    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
                     RETURNING id
                     """,
                     (
@@ -326,6 +390,7 @@ class DatabaseClient:
                         json.dumps(metadata) if metadata else None,
                         json.dumps(token_usage) if token_usage else None,
                         is_cached,
+                        owner_id,
                     ),
                 )
 
@@ -340,6 +405,7 @@ class DatabaseClient:
         analysis_type: Optional[str] = None,
         limit: int = 100,
         offset: int = 0,
+        owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
     ) -> List[Dict]:
         """Retrieve messages from the database.
 
@@ -348,6 +414,7 @@ class DatabaseClient:
             analysis_type: Filter by analysis type
             limit: Maximum number of records to return
             offset: Number of records to skip
+            owner_id: Filter by owner (None returns all, for admin use)
 
         Returns:
             List of message dictionaries
@@ -355,6 +422,10 @@ class DatabaseClient:
         query = "SELECT * FROM llm_messages WHERE 1=1"
         params = []
 
+        if owner_id is not None:
+            query += " AND owner_id = %s"
+            params.append(owner_id)
+
         if company_name:
             query += " AND company_name = %s"
             params.append(company_name)
@@ -371,52 +442,110 @@ class DatabaseClient:
                 cursor.execute(query, params)
                 return [dict(row) for row in cursor.fetchall()]
 
-    def get_analytics(self, days: int = 30) -> Dict:
+    def list_analyses(
+        self,
+        company_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit: int = 50,
+        cursor: Optional[str] = None,
+        owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> List[Dict]:
+        """List analysis results with cursor-based pagination.
+
+        Args:
+            company_name: Optional filter by company name.
+            limit: Maximum number of records to return.
+            cursor: Opaque cursor (``timestamp|id``) from a previous response.
+            owner_id: Filter by owner (None returns all, for admin use).
+
+        Returns:
+            List of analysis dicts ordered by timestamp descending.
+        """
+        conditions: list[str] = ["is_cached = FALSE"]
+        params: list = []
+
+        if owner_id is not None:
+            conditions.append("owner_id = %s")
+            params.append(owner_id)
+
+        if company_name:
+            conditions.append("LOWER(company_name) = LOWER(%s)")
+            params.append(company_name)
+
+        if cursor:
+            try:
+                ts_str, cursor_id = cursor.rsplit("|", 1)
+                conditions.append("(timestamp, id) < (%s, %s)")
+                params.extend([ts_str, int(cursor_id)])
+            except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                pass  # Ignore malformed cursors; return from start
+
+        query = "SELECT id, company_name, analysis_type, model, response, timestamp FROM llm_messages"
+        if conditions:
+            query += " WHERE " + " AND ".join(conditions)
+        query += " ORDER BY timestamp DESC, id DESC LIMIT %s"
+        params.append(limit)
+
+        with self.get_conn() as conn:
+            with conn.cursor(cursor_factory=RealDictCursor) as cur:
+                cur.execute(query, params)
+                return [dict(row) for row in cur.fetchall()]
+
+    def get_analytics(self, days: int = 30, owner_id: Optional[int] = None) -> Dict:
         """Get analytics on message usage.
 
         Args:
             days: Number of days to look back
+            owner_id: Filter by owner (None returns all, for admin use)
 
         Returns:
             Dictionary with analytics data
         """
+        owner_filter = ""
+        owner_params: list = []
+        if owner_id is not None:
+            owner_filter = " AND owner_id = %s"
+            owner_params = [owner_id]
+
         with self.get_conn() as conn:
             with conn.cursor(cursor_factory=RealDictCursor) as cursor:
                 # Total messages
                 cursor.execute(
-                    """
+                    f"""
                     SELECT COUNT(*) as total_messages
                     FROM llm_messages
                     WHERE timestamp >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%s days'
+                    {owner_filter}
                     """,
-                    (days,),
+                    (days, *owner_params),
                 )
                 total = cursor.fetchone()["total_messages"]
 
                 # Messages by company
                 cursor.execute(
-                    """
+                    f"""
                     SELECT company_name, COUNT(*) as count
                     FROM llm_messages
                     WHERE timestamp >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%s days'
+                    {owner_filter}
                     GROUP BY company_name
                     ORDER BY count DESC
                     LIMIT 10
                     """,
-                    (days,),
+                    (days, *owner_params),
                 )
                 by_company = cursor.fetchall()
 
                 # Messages by type
                 cursor.execute(
-                    """
+                    f"""
                     SELECT analysis_type, COUNT(*) as count
                     FROM llm_messages
                     WHERE timestamp >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%s days'
+                    {owner_filter}
                     GROUP BY analysis_type
                     ORDER BY count DESC
                     """,
-                    (days,),
+                    (days, *owner_params),
                 )
                 by_type = cursor.fetchall()
 
@@ -514,12 +643,14 @@ class DatabaseClient:
         self,
         job_id: str,
         total_companies: int,
+        owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
     ) -> Dict:
         """Create a new job record.
 
         Args:
             job_id: Unique job identifier
             total_companies: Number of companies in the batch
+            owner_id: ID of the user who owns this job
 
         Returns:
             Job dict
@@ -528,11 +659,11 @@ class DatabaseClient:
             with conn.cursor(cursor_factory=RealDictCursor) as cursor:
                 cursor.execute(
                     """
-                    INSERT INTO jobs (job_id, status, progress, total_companies, completed_companies)
+                    INSERT INTO jobs (job_id, status, progress, total_companies, completed_companies, owner_id)
-                    VALUES (%s, 'pending', 0, %s, 0)
+                    VALUES (%s, 'pending', 0, %s, 0, %s)
                     RETURNING *
                     """,
-                    (job_id, total_companies),
+                    (job_id, total_companies, owner_id),
                 )
                 job = cursor.fetchone()
             conn.commit()
@@ -585,11 +716,22 @@ class DatabaseClient:
             conn.commit()
             return dict(job) if job else None
 
-    def get_job(self, job_id: str) -> Optional[Dict]:
+    def get_job(self, job_id: str, owner_id: Optional[int] = None) -> Optional[Dict]:
-        """Get a job by ID."""
+        """Get a job by ID.
+
+        Args:
+            job_id: Job identifier.
+            owner_id: When provided, only return the job if it belongs to this owner.
+        """
+        query = "SELECT * FROM jobs WHERE job_id = %s"
+        params: list = [job_id]
+        if owner_id is not None:
+            query += " AND owner_id = %s"
+            params.append(owner_id)
+
         with self.get_conn() as conn:
             with conn.cursor(cursor_factory=RealDictCursor) as cursor:
-                cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM jobs WHERE job_id = %s", (job_id,))
+                cursor.execute(query, params)
                 job = cursor.fetchone()
                 return dict(job) if job else None
 
@@ -598,6 +740,7 @@ class DatabaseClient:
         status: Optional[str] = None,
         limit: int = 10,
         cursor: Optional[str] = None,
+        owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
     ) -> List[Dict]:
         """List jobs with optional status filter and cursor-based pagination.
 
@@ -607,6 +750,7 @@ class DatabaseClient:
             cursor: Opaque cursor (``created_at|job_id``) from a previous
                 response. When provided, only jobs older than the cursor are
                 returned.
+            owner_id: Filter by owner (None returns all, for admin use).
 
         Returns:
             List of job dicts ordered by created_at descending.
@@ -614,6 +758,10 @@ class DatabaseClient:
         conditions: list[str] = []
         params: list = []
 
+        if owner_id is not None:
+            conditions.append("owner_id = %s")
+            params.append(owner_id)
+
         if status:
             conditions.append("status = %s")
             params.append(status)
@@ -860,14 +1008,21 @@ class DatabaseClient:
 
     # Tracked Companies Methods
 
-    def add_tracked_company(self, company_name: str) -> Optional[Dict]:
+    def add_tracked_company(
-        """Add a company to the tracking list."""
+        self, company_name: str, owner_id: Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> Optional[Dict]:
+        """Add a company to the tracking list.
+
+        Args:
+            company_name: Company name to track.
+            owner_id: ID of the user who owns this tracked company.
+        """
         with self.get_conn() as conn:
             with conn.cursor(cursor_factory=RealDictCursor) as cursor:
                 try:
                     cursor.execute(
-                        "INSERT INTO tracked_companies (company_name) VALUES (%s) RETURNING *",
+                        "INSERT INTO tracked_companies (company_name, owner_id) VALUES (%s, %s) RETURNING *",
-                        (company_name,),
+                        (company_name, owner_id),
                     )
                     row = cursor.fetchone()
                     conn.commit()
@@ -876,22 +1031,45 @@ class DatabaseClient:
                     conn.rollback()
                     return None
 
-    def remove_tracked_company(self, company_name: str) -> bool:
+    def remove_tracked_company(
-        """Remove a company from the tracking list."""
+        self, company_name: str, owner_id: Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Remove a company from the tracking list.
+
+        Args:
+            company_name: Company name to remove.
+            owner_id: When provided, only remove if owned by this user.
+        """
+        query = "DELETE FROM tracked_companies WHERE LOWER(company_name) = LOWER(%s)"
+        params: list = [company_name]
+        if owner_id is not None:
+            query += " AND owner_id = %s"
+            params.append(owner_id)
+
         with self.get_conn() as conn:
             with conn.cursor() as cursor:
-                cursor.execute(
+                cursor.execute(query, params)
-                    "DELETE FROM tracked_companies WHERE LOWER(company_name) = LOWER(%s)",
-                    (company_name,),
-                )
                 conn.commit()
                 return cursor.rowcount > 0
 
-    def list_tracked_companies(self) -> List[Dict]:
+    def list_tracked_companies(
-        """List all tracked companies."""
+        self, owner_id: Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> List[Dict]:
+        """List tracked companies.
+
+        Args:
+            owner_id: Filter by owner (None returns all, for admin/scheduler use).
+        """
+        query = "SELECT * FROM tracked_companies"
+        params: list = []
+        if owner_id is not None:
+            query += " WHERE owner_id = %s"
+            params.append(owner_id)
+        query += " ORDER BY company_name"
+
         with self.get_conn() as conn:
             with conn.cursor(cursor_factory=RealDictCursor) as cursor:
-                cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM tracked_companies ORDER BY company_name")
+                cursor.execute(query, params)
                 return [dict(row) for row in cursor.fetchall()]
 
     def update_tracked_company(

SPARC/scheduler.py

@@ -2,14 +2,17 @@
 
 Uses APScheduler to periodically re-analyze tracked companies and
 detect significant changes in patent counts.
+
+The scheduler reuses the application-level pooled DatabaseClient
+(from ``SPARC.auth``) instead of creating its own connection, which
+avoids exhausting the database connection pool under load.
 """
 
 import logging
 import os
 
-from SPARC import config
 from SPARC.analyzer import CompanyAnalyzer
-from SPARC.database import DatabaseClient
+from SPARC.auth import get_db_client
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -21,10 +24,13 @@ CHANGE_THRESHOLD_PERCENT = int(os.getenv("CHANGE_THRESHOLD_PERCENT", "20"))
 
 
 def run_scheduled_analysis() -> None:
-    """Re-analyze all tracked companies and check for significant changes."""
+    """Re-analyze all tracked companies and check for significant changes.
-    db = DatabaseClient(config.database_url)
+
-    db.connect()
+    Uses the shared pooled DatabaseClient from ``SPARC.auth.get_db_client()``
-    db.initialize_schema()
+    rather than creating a disposable connection, so the scheduler participates
+    in the same connection pool as the rest of the application.
+    """
+    db = get_db_client()
 
     tracked = db.list_tracked_companies()
     if not tracked:
@@ -74,7 +80,6 @@ def run_scheduled_analysis() -> None:
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error("Error analyzing tracked company %s: %s", name, e)
 
-    db.close()
     logger.info("Scheduled analysis complete")
 
 

frontend/src/App.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { Batch } from './pages/Batch';
 import { AnalyticsPage } from './pages/Analytics';
 import { About } from './pages/About';
 import { AdminUsers } from './pages/AdminUsers';
+import { AdminRateLimits } from './pages/AdminRateLimits';
 import { Compare } from './pages/Compare';
 
 const queryClient = new QueryClient({
@@ -56,6 +57,14 @@ function App() {
                   </ProtectedRoute>
                 }
               />
+              <Route
+                path="/admin/rate-limits"
+                element={
+                  <ProtectedRoute requireAdmin>
+                    <AdminRateLimits />
+                  </ProtectedRoute>
+                }
+              />
             </Route>
 
             {/* Default redirect */}

frontend/src/api/client.ts

@@ -201,6 +201,32 @@ export const analyticsApi = {
   },
 };
 
+// Rate limit types
+export interface RateLimitIpEntry {
+  ip: string;
+  total: number;
+  rejected: number;
+}
+
+export interface RateLimitEndpointStats {
+  endpoint: string;
+  limit: string;
+  total_requests: number;
+  rejected_requests: number;
+  by_ip: RateLimitIpEntry[];
+}
+
+export interface ThrottledBucket {
+  timestamp: string;
+  count: number;
+}
+
+export interface RateLimitStatsResponse {
+  rate_limits: RateLimitEndpointStats[];
+  throttled_24h: number;
+  throttled_over_time: ThrottledBucket[];
+}
+
 // Admin API
 export const adminApi = {
   listUsers: async (limit = 100, offset = 0): Promise<User[]> => {
@@ -216,6 +242,11 @@ export const adminApi = {
   deleteUser: async (userId: number): Promise<void> => {
     await api.delete(`/admin/users/${userId}`);
   },
+
+  getRateLimits: async (): Promise<RateLimitStatsResponse> => {
+    const response = await api.get<RateLimitStatsResponse>('/admin/rate-limits');
+    return response.data;
+  },
 };
 
 export default api;

frontend/src/components/Layout.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { Outlet, NavLink, useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom';
 import { useAuth } from '../context/AuthContext';
 import { useTheme } from '../context/ThemeContext';
-import { Search, Layers, BarChart3, Info, Users, LogOut, GitCompareArrows, Sun, Moon } from 'lucide-react';
+import { Search, Layers, BarChart3, Info, Users, LogOut, GitCompareArrows, Sun, Moon, ShieldAlert } from 'lucide-react';
 
 export function Layout() {
   const { user, isAdmin, logout } = useAuth();
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ export function Layout() {
 
   if (isAdmin) {
     navItems.push({ to: '/admin/users', icon: Users, label: 'Users' });
+    navItems.push({ to: '/admin/rate-limits', icon: ShieldAlert, label: 'Rate Limits' });
   }
 
   return (

frontend/src/pages/AdminRateLimits.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+import { useState } from 'react';
+import { useQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+import { adminApi } from '../api/client';
+import type { RateLimitStatsResponse } from '../api/client';
+import { ShieldAlert, Activity, AlertCircle, RefreshCw, Clock } from 'lucide-react';
+
+const REFRESH_OPTIONS = [
+  { label: '15s', value: 15_000 },
+  { label: '30s', value: 30_000 },
+  { label: '1m', value: 60_000 },
+  { label: 'Off', value: 0 },
+];
+
+export function AdminRateLimits() {
+  const [refreshInterval, setRefreshInterval] = useState(30_000);
+
+  const { data, isLoading, isError, dataUpdatedAt } = useQuery<RateLimitStatsResponse>({
+    queryKey: ['admin-rate-limits'],
+    queryFn: () => adminApi.getRateLimits(),
+    refetchInterval: refreshInterval || false,
+  });
+
+  if (isLoading) {
+    return (
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-center min-h-[400px]">
+        <div className="animate-spin rounded-full h-12 w-12 border-t-2 border-b-2 border-primary"></div>
+      </div>
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (isError) {
+    return (
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-2 bg-error/10 border border-error/20 text-error rounded-xl px-4 py-3">
+        <AlertCircle size={18} />
+        <span>Failed to load rate limit statistics.</span>
+      </div>
+    );
+  }
+
+  const maxThrottledCount = data?.throttled_over_time?.length
+    ? Math.max(...data.throttled_over_time.map((b) => b.count))
+    : 0;
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-6">
+      {/* Header */}
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-4">
+        <div>
+          <h2 className="text-xl font-semibold text-text-primary border-b-2 border-primary/30 pb-2 mb-2">
+            Rate Limiting Dashboard
+          </h2>
+          <p className="text-text-secondary">Monitor API rate limits and throttled requests.</p>
+        </div>
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+          {/* Last updated */}
+          {dataUpdatedAt > 0 && (
+            <span className="text-xs text-text-secondary flex items-center gap-1">
+              <Clock size={12} />
+              Updated {new Date(dataUpdatedAt).toLocaleTimeString()}
+            </span>
+          )}
+          {/* Refresh interval selector */}
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-1 bg-bg-card/60 border border-primary/15 rounded-xl p-1">
+            <RefreshCw size={14} className="text-text-secondary ml-2" />
+            {REFRESH_OPTIONS.map((opt) => (
+              <button
+                key={opt.value}
+                onClick={() => setRefreshInterval(opt.value)}
+                className={`px-3 py-1 rounded-lg text-xs font-medium transition-all ${
+                  refreshInterval === opt.value
+                    ? 'bg-primary text-white'
+                    : 'text-text-secondary hover:text-text-primary hover:bg-bg-card-hover'
+                }`}
+              >
+                {opt.label}
+              </button>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* Summary cards */}
+      <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
+        <div className="bg-bg-card/60 border border-primary/15 rounded-2xl p-5">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
+            <Activity size={18} className="text-primary" />
+            <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+              Total Requests
+            </span>
+          </div>
+          <div className="text-3xl font-bold text-text-primary">
+            {data?.rate_limits.reduce((sum, rl) => sum + rl.total_requests, 0) ?? 0}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+        <div className="bg-bg-card/60 border border-error/15 rounded-2xl p-5">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
+            <ShieldAlert size={18} className="text-error" />
+            <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+              Throttled (24h)
+            </span>
+          </div>
+          <div className="text-3xl font-bold text-error">
+            {data?.throttled_24h ?? 0}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+        <div className="bg-bg-card/60 border border-secondary/15 rounded-2xl p-5">
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
+            <ShieldAlert size={18} className="text-secondary" />
+            <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+              Rate-Limited Endpoints
+            </span>
+          </div>
+          <div className="text-3xl font-bold text-text-primary">
+            {data?.rate_limits.length ?? 0}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* Throttled over time chart (simple bar chart) */}
+      {data?.throttled_over_time && data.throttled_over_time.length > 0 && (
+        <div className="bg-bg-card/60 border border-primary/15 rounded-2xl p-5">
+          <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider mb-4">
+            Throttled Requests Over Time (Last 24h)
+          </h3>
+          <div className="flex items-end gap-1 h-32">
+            {data.throttled_over_time.map((bucket) => {
+              const height = maxThrottledCount > 0 ? (bucket.count / maxThrottledCount) * 100 : 0;
+              const hour = new Date(bucket.timestamp).getHours();
+              return (
+                <div key={bucket.timestamp} className="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center gap-1">
+                  <span className="text-xs text-text-secondary">{bucket.count}</span>
+                  <div
+                    className="w-full bg-error/70 rounded-t-sm min-h-[2px] transition-all"
+                    style={{ height: `${Math.max(height, 2)}%` }}
+                    title={`${bucket.timestamp}: ${bucket.count} throttled`}
+                  />
+                  <span className="text-[10px] text-text-secondary">{hour}:00</span>
+                </div>
+              );
+            })}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {/* Per-endpoint table */}
+      <div className="bg-bg-card/60 border border-primary/15 rounded-2xl overflow-hidden">
+        <div className="overflow-x-auto">
+          <table className="w-full">
+            <thead>
+              <tr className="border-b border-primary/10">
+                <th className="text-left px-6 py-4 text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+                  Endpoint
+                </th>
+                <th className="text-left px-6 py-4 text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+                  Limit
+                </th>
+                <th className="text-right px-6 py-4 text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+                  Total Requests
+                </th>
+                <th className="text-right px-6 py-4 text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+                  Rejected
+                </th>
+              </tr>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody className="divide-y divide-primary/10">
+              {data?.rate_limits.map((rl) => (
+                <tr key={rl.endpoint} className="hover:bg-bg-card-hover/50 transition-colors">
+                  <td className="px-6 py-4 font-mono text-sm text-text-primary">{rl.endpoint}</td>
+                  <td className="px-6 py-4">
+                    <span className="inline-flex px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-primary/10 text-primary border border-primary/20">
+                      {rl.limit}
+                    </span>
+                  </td>
+                  <td className="px-6 py-4 text-right text-text-primary font-semibold">
+                    {rl.total_requests}
+                  </td>
+                  <td className="px-6 py-4 text-right">
+                    <span className={rl.rejected_requests > 0 ? 'text-error font-semibold' : 'text-text-secondary'}>
+                      {rl.rejected_requests}
+                    </span>
+                  </td>
+                </tr>
+              ))}
+            </tbody>
+          </table>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* Per-IP breakdown */}
+      {data?.rate_limits.some((rl) => rl.by_ip.length > 0) && (
+        <div className="bg-bg-card/60 border border-primary/15 rounded-2xl overflow-hidden">
+          <div className="px-6 py-4 border-b border-primary/10">
+            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+              Per-IP Breakdown
+            </h3>
+          </div>
+          <div className="overflow-x-auto">
+            <table className="w-full">
+              <thead>
+                <tr className="border-b border-primary/10">
+                  <th className="text-left px-6 py-3 text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+                    Endpoint
+                  </th>
+                  <th className="text-left px-6 py-3 text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+                    IP Address
+                  </th>
+                  <th className="text-right px-6 py-3 text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+                    Total
+                  </th>
+                  <th className="text-right px-6 py-3 text-sm font-semibold text-text-secondary uppercase tracking-wider">
+                    Rejected
+                  </th>
+                </tr>
+              </thead>
+              <tbody className="divide-y divide-primary/10">
+                {data.rate_limits.flatMap((rl) =>
+                  rl.by_ip.map((ipEntry) => (
+                    <tr
+                      key={`${rl.endpoint}-${ipEntry.ip}`}
+                      className="hover:bg-bg-card-hover/50 transition-colors"
+                    >
+                      <td className="px-6 py-3 font-mono text-sm text-text-primary">{rl.endpoint}</td>
+                      <td className="px-6 py-3 font-mono text-sm text-text-secondary">{ipEntry.ip}</td>
+                      <td className="px-6 py-3 text-right text-text-primary">{ipEntry.total}</td>
+                      <td className="px-6 py-3 text-right">
+                        <span className={ipEntry.rejected > 0 ? 'text-error font-semibold' : 'text-text-secondary'}>
+                          {ipEntry.rejected}
+                        </span>
+                      </td>
+                    </tr>
+                  ))
+                )}
+              </tbody>
+            </table>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}

scripts/migrate_add_owner_id.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Migration: add owner_id columns and backfill existing rows.
+
+This script adds an ``owner_id`` column (FK to ``users``) to the
+``llm_messages``, ``jobs``, and ``tracked_companies`` tables, then
+backfills all existing rows with ``owner_id = 1`` (the default admin user).
+
+It also replaces the old global UNIQUE constraint on
+``tracked_companies.company_name`` with a per-owner unique index so that
+different users can independently track the same company.
+
+Usage:
+    python scripts/migrate_add_owner_id.py
+
+The script is idempotent — running it multiple times is safe.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+import psycopg2
+
+DATABASE_URL = os.getenv(
+    "DATABASE_URL",
+    "postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5432/sparc",
+)
+
+DEFAULT_OWNER_ID = 1
+
+
+def run_migration():
+    """Execute the migration."""
+    conn = psycopg2.connect(DATABASE_URL)
+    conn.autocommit = False
+
+    try:
+        with conn.cursor() as cur:
+            # ---------- 1. Add owner_id columns if missing ----------
+            cur.execute("""
+                DO $$
+                BEGIN
+                    IF NOT EXISTS (
+                        SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns
+                        WHERE table_name = 'llm_messages' AND column_name = 'owner_id'
+                    ) THEN
+                        ALTER TABLE llm_messages ADD COLUMN owner_id INTEGER REFERENCES users(id);
+                    END IF;
+
+                    IF NOT EXISTS (
+                        SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns
+                        WHERE table_name = 'jobs' AND column_name = 'owner_id'
+                    ) THEN
+                        ALTER TABLE jobs ADD COLUMN owner_id INTEGER REFERENCES users(id);
+                    END IF;
+
+                    IF NOT EXISTS (
+                        SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns
+                        WHERE table_name = 'tracked_companies' AND column_name = 'owner_id'
+                    ) THEN
+                        ALTER TABLE tracked_companies ADD COLUMN owner_id INTEGER REFERENCES users(id);
+                    END IF;
+                END $$;
+            """)
+
+            # ---------- 2. Backfill owner_id = DEFAULT_OWNER_ID ----------
+            cur.execute(
+                "UPDATE llm_messages SET owner_id = %s WHERE owner_id IS NULL",
+                (DEFAULT_OWNER_ID,),
+            )
+            messages_updated = cur.rowcount
+            print(f"  llm_messages: backfilled {messages_updated} rows")
+
+            cur.execute(
+                "UPDATE jobs SET owner_id = %s WHERE owner_id IS NULL",
+                (DEFAULT_OWNER_ID,),
+            )
+            jobs_updated = cur.rowcount
+            print(f"  jobs: backfilled {jobs_updated} rows")
+
+            cur.execute(
+                "UPDATE tracked_companies SET owner_id = %s WHERE owner_id IS NULL",
+                (DEFAULT_OWNER_ID,),
+            )
+            tracked_updated = cur.rowcount
+            print(f"  tracked_companies: backfilled {tracked_updated} rows")
+
+            # ---------- 3. Create indexes ----------
+            cur.execute("""
+                CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_messages_owner
+                ON llm_messages(owner_id)
+            """)
+            cur.execute("""
+                CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_jobs_owner
+                ON jobs(owner_id)
+            """)
+            cur.execute("""
+                CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_tracked_companies_owner
+                ON tracked_companies(owner_id)
+            """)
+
+            # ---------- 4. Replace unique constraint on tracked_companies ----------
+            cur.execute("""
+                DO $$
+                BEGIN
+                    IF EXISTS (
+                        SELECT 1 FROM pg_constraint
+                        WHERE conname = 'tracked_companies_company_name_key'
+                    ) THEN
+                        ALTER TABLE tracked_companies
+                            DROP CONSTRAINT tracked_companies_company_name_key;
+                    END IF;
+                END $$;
+            """)
+            cur.execute("""
+                CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS uq_tracked_company_owner
+                ON tracked_companies(LOWER(company_name), owner_id)
+            """)
+
+        conn.commit()
+        print("Migration completed successfully.")
+
+    except Exception:
+        conn.rollback()
+        print("Migration FAILED — rolled back.", file=sys.stderr)
+        raise
+    finally:
+        conn.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print(f"Running owner_id migration against {DATABASE_URL.split('@')[-1]} ...")
+    run_migration()

tests/test_analyze_single_patent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+"""Tests for analyze_single_patent auto-download path.
+
+Covers issue #1661:
+- PDF exists on disk: direct analysis (happy path)
+- PDF not on disk, cached link exists: auto-download and analyze
+- PDF not on disk, no cached link: FileNotFoundError
+- Analysis failure after PDF found: graceful error message
+- Model override parameter passthrough
+"""
+
+import os
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+from SPARC.analyzer import CompanyAnalyzer
+from SPARC.types import Patent
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def mock_db(mocker):
+    """Mock DatabaseClient so no real DB is needed."""
+    mock_db_cls = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.DatabaseClient")
+    mock_db_instance = MagicMock()
+    mock_db_instance.get_cached_patent.return_value = None
+    mock_db_instance.get_cached_serp_query.return_value = None
+    mock_db_cls.return_value = mock_db_instance
+    return mock_db_instance
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def analyzer(mocker, mock_db):
+    """Create a CompanyAnalyzer with mocked LLM and DB."""
+    mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.LLMAnalyzer")
+    return CompanyAnalyzer(openrouter_api_key="test-key")
+
+
+class TestAnalyzeSinglePatentAutoDownload:
+    """Test the auto-download logic in analyze_single_patent."""
+
+    def test_pdf_on_disk_analyzed_directly(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When PDF exists on disk, it is analyzed directly without download."""
+        patent_id = "US-11234567-B2"
+
+        # Create the patents dir and PDF file
+        patents_dir = tmp_path / "patents"
+        patents_dir.mkdir()
+        pdf_path = patents_dir / f"{patent_id}.pdf"
+        pdf_path.write_bytes(b"fake PDF content")
+
+        mock_parse = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf")
+        mock_minimize = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.minimize_patent_for_llm")
+        mock_parse.return_value = {"abstract": "test", "claims": "test claims"}
+        mock_minimize.return_value = "minimized content"
+        analyzer.llm_analyzer.analyze_patent_content.return_value = "Good patent."
+
+        # Change cwd so patents/{patent_id}.pdf resolves to our tmp_path
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            result = analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "TestCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+        assert result == "Good patent."
+        # DB cache should not have been queried since file existed
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_auto_download_from_cached_link(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When PDF is not on disk but link is cached, auto-download occurs."""
+        patent_id = "US-99887766-A1"
+
+        # No patents dir exists (PDF not on disk)
+        mock_save = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.save_patents")
+        downloaded_patent = Patent(patent_id=patent_id, pdf_link="https://example.com/patent.pdf")
+        downloaded_patent.pdf_path = f"patents/{patent_id}.pdf"
+        mock_save.return_value = downloaded_patent
+
+        # Cached patent has a PDF link
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.return_value = {
+            "patent_id": patent_id,
+            "pdf_link": "https://example.com/patent.pdf",
+        }
+
+        # Mock the rest of the analysis pipeline
+        mock_parse = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf")
+        mock_minimize = mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.minimize_patent_for_llm")
+        mock_parse.return_value = {"abstract": "test abstract"}
+        mock_minimize.return_value = "minimized content"
+        analyzer.llm_analyzer.analyze_patent_content.return_value = "Strong innovation."
+
+        # Change cwd so patents/{patent_id}.pdf does NOT exist
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            result = analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "DownloadCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+        assert result == "Strong innovation."
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.assert_called_once_with(patent_id)
+        mock_save.assert_called_once()
+        # Verify the Patent passed to save_patents has the correct ID and link
+        saved_patent = mock_save.call_args[0][0]
+        assert saved_patent.patent_id == patent_id
+        assert saved_patent.pdf_link == "https://example.com/patent.pdf"
+
+    def test_no_cached_link_raises_file_not_found(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When PDF is not on disk and no cached link, FileNotFoundError raised."""
+        patent_id = "US-00000000-X1"
+
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.return_value = None
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match="no download link is cached"):
+                analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "MissingCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+    def test_cached_patent_without_pdf_link_raises(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When cached patent exists but has no pdf_link, FileNotFoundError raised."""
+        patent_id = "US-11111111-B1"
+
+        analyzer.db.get_cached_patent.return_value = {
+            "patent_id": patent_id,
+            "pdf_link": None,
+        }
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match="no download link is cached"):
+                analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "NoPDFCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+    def test_analysis_exception_returns_error_message(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """When analysis pipeline fails, returns error string instead of raising."""
+        patent_id = "US-22222222-A2"
+
+        # Create the PDF on disk so it skips download
+        patents_dir = tmp_path / "patents"
+        patents_dir.mkdir()
+        (patents_dir / f"{patent_id}.pdf").write_bytes(b"fake PDF")
+
+        # Parse fails
+        mocker.patch(
+            "SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf",
+            side_effect=ValueError("Corrupt PDF"),
+        )
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            result = analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "ErrorCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+        assert "Failed to analyze patent" in result
+        assert "Corrupt PDF" in result
+
+    def test_model_override_passed_to_llm(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """The model parameter is forwarded to the LLM analyzer."""
+        patent_id = "US-33333333-B2"
+
+        patents_dir = tmp_path / "patents"
+        patents_dir.mkdir()
+        (patents_dir / f"{patent_id}.pdf").write_bytes(b"fake PDF")
+
+        mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf", return_value={"abstract": "test"})
+        mocker.patch("SPARC.analyzer.SERP.minimize_patent_for_llm", return_value="content")
+        analyzer.llm_analyzer.analyze_patent_content.return_value = "Analysis result."
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            result = analyzer.analyze_single_patent(
+                patent_id, "ModelCo", model="openai/gpt-4o"
+            )
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)
+
+        assert result == "Analysis result."
+        analyzer.llm_analyzer.analyze_patent_content.assert_called_once_with(
+            patent_content="content",
+            company_name="ModelCo",
+            model="openai/gpt-4o",
+        )
+
+    def test_file_not_found_during_parse_re_raised(self, analyzer, mocker, tmp_path):
+        """FileNotFoundError during parsing is re-raised, not caught."""
+        patent_id = "US-44444444-C1"
+
+        patents_dir = tmp_path / "patents"
+        patents_dir.mkdir()
+        (patents_dir / f"{patent_id}.pdf").write_bytes(b"fake PDF")
+
+        mocker.patch(
+            "SPARC.analyzer.SERP.parse_patent_pdf",
+            side_effect=FileNotFoundError("PDF file vanished"),
+        )
+
+        original_cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(tmp_path)
+        try:
+            with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match="PDF file vanished"):
+                analyzer.analyze_single_patent(patent_id, "VanishCo")
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(original_cwd)

tests/test_api.py

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 """Tests for FastAPI web service endpoints."""
 
-from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
-from unittest.mock import Mock
+from unittest.mock import Mock, MagicMock, patch
 
 import pytest
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
 
 from SPARC.api import app
+from SPARC.auth import create_access_token
 from SPARC.types import BatchAnalysisResult, CompanyAnalysisResult
 
 
@@ -16,6 +17,22 @@ def client():
     return TestClient(app)
 
 
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def mock_db():
+    """Mock the database client used by auth endpoints."""
+    db = MagicMock()
+    db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+        "id": 1,
+        "email": "user@test.com",
+        "role": "user",
+        "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+    }
+
+    with patch("SPARC.api.get_db_client", return_value=db), \
+         patch("SPARC.auth.get_db_client", return_value=db):
+        yield db
+
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def mock_analyzer(mocker):
     """Mock the global analyzer."""
@@ -24,6 +41,12 @@ def mock_analyzer(mocker):
     return mock
 
 
+def _auth_header(user_id=1, email="user@test.com", role="user"):
+    """Create an Authorization header with a valid access token."""
+    token = create_access_token(user_id, email, role)
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+
 class TestHealthEndpoint:
     """Test health check endpoint."""
 
@@ -51,7 +74,7 @@ class TestAnalyzeCompanyEndpoint:
         )
         mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.return_value = mock_result
 
-        response = client.get("/analyze/nvidia")
+        response = client.get("/analyze/nvidia", headers=_auth_header())
 
         assert response.status_code == 200
         data = response.json()
@@ -72,7 +95,7 @@ class TestAnalyzeCompanyEndpoint:
         )
         mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.return_value = mock_result
 
-        response = client.get("/analyze/unknown")
+        response = client.get("/analyze/unknown", headers=_auth_header())
 
         assert response.status_code == 200
         data = response.json()
@@ -113,6 +136,7 @@ class TestBatchAnalysisEndpoint:
         response = client.post(
             "/analyze/batch",
             json={"companies": ["nvidia", "amd"], "max_workers": 2},
+            headers=_auth_header(),
         )
 
         assert response.status_code == 200
@@ -125,13 +149,14 @@ class TestBatchAnalysisEndpoint:
     def test_batch_analysis_validation(self, client):
         """Test batch analysis request validation."""
         # Empty companies list
-        response = client.post("/analyze/batch", json={"companies": []})
+        response = client.post("/analyze/batch", json={"companies": []}, headers=_auth_header())
         assert response.status_code == 422
 
         # Too many companies
         response = client.post(
             "/analyze/batch",
             json={"companies": [f"company{i}" for i in range(25)]},
+            headers=_auth_header(),
         )
         assert response.status_code == 422
 
@@ -139,6 +164,7 @@ class TestBatchAnalysisEndpoint:
         response = client.post(
             "/analyze/batch",
             json={"companies": ["nvidia"], "max_workers": 10},
+            headers=_auth_header(),
         )
         assert response.status_code == 422
 
@@ -146,11 +172,26 @@ class TestBatchAnalysisEndpoint:
 class TestAsyncBatchEndpoint:
     """Test async batch analysis endpoint."""
 
-    def test_async_batch_creates_job(self, client, mock_analyzer):
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
-        """Test async endpoint creates a job."""
+    def test_async_batch_creates_job(self, mock_get_db, client, mock_analyzer):
+        """Test async endpoint creates a job with owner_id."""
+        job_db = MagicMock()
+        job_db.create_job.return_value = {
+            "job_id": "j1",
+            "status": "pending",
+            "progress": 0,
+            "total_companies": 2,
+            "completed_companies": 0,
+            "result_json": None,
+            "error": None,
+            "owner_id": 1,
+        }
+        mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
         response = client.post(
             "/analyze/batch/async",
             json={"companies": ["nvidia", "amd"]},
+            headers=_auth_header(),
         )
 
         assert response.status_code == 200
@@ -159,28 +200,42 @@ class TestAsyncBatchEndpoint:
         assert data["status"] == "pending"
         assert data["total_companies"] == 2
         assert data["progress"] == 0
+        # Verify owner_id was passed
+        job_db.create_job.assert_called_once()
+        assert job_db.create_job.call_args.kwargs.get("owner_id") == 1
 
 
 class TestJobEndpoints:
     """Test job management endpoints."""
 
-    def test_get_job_not_found(self, client):
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_get_job_not_found(self, mock_get_db, client):
         """Test getting nonexistent job."""
-        response = client.get("/jobs/nonexistent")
+        job_db = MagicMock()
+        job_db.get_job.return_value = None
+        mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
+        response = client.get("/jobs/nonexistent", headers=_auth_header())
         assert response.status_code == 404
 
-    def test_list_jobs(self, client, mocker):
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_list_jobs(self, mock_get_db, client):
         """Test listing jobs."""
-        # Clear existing jobs
+        job_db = MagicMock()
-        mocker.patch.dict("SPARC.api._jobs", {}, clear=True)
+        job_db.list_jobs.return_value = []
+        mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
 
-        response = client.get("/jobs")
+        response = client.get("/jobs", headers=_auth_header())
         assert response.status_code == 200
-        assert isinstance(response.json(), list)
 
-    def test_list_jobs_with_filter(self, client, mocker):
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_list_jobs_with_filter(self, mock_get_db, client):
         """Test listing jobs with status filter."""
-        response = client.get("/jobs?status=completed")
+        job_db = MagicMock()
+        job_db.list_jobs.return_value = []
+        mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
+        response = client.get("/jobs?status=completed", headers=_auth_header())
         assert response.status_code == 200
 
 
@@ -189,7 +244,7 @@ class TestModelValidation:
 
     def test_analyze_rejects_unsupported_model(self, client, mock_analyzer):
         """GET /analyze/{company} with unsupported model returns 400."""
-        response = client.get("/analyze/nvidia?model=fake/nonexistent-model")
+        response = client.get("/analyze/nvidia?model=fake/nonexistent-model", headers=_auth_header())
         assert response.status_code == 400
         assert "Unsupported model" in response.json()["detail"]
 
@@ -205,7 +260,7 @@ class TestModelValidation:
         )
         mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.return_value = mock_result
 
-        response = client.get("/analyze/nvidia?model=anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet")
+        response = client.get("/analyze/nvidia?model=anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet", headers=_auth_header())
         assert response.status_code == 200
 
     def test_batch_rejects_unsupported_model(self, client, mock_analyzer):
@@ -213,6 +268,7 @@ class TestModelValidation:
         response = client.post(
             "/analyze/batch",
             json={"companies": ["nvidia"], "model": "fake/nonexistent-model"},
+            headers=_auth_header(),
         )
         assert response.status_code == 400
         assert "Unsupported model" in response.json()["detail"]

tests/test_company_name_validation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+"""Tests for company name input validation on analysis endpoints."""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from unittest.mock import Mock
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from SPARC.api import app
+from SPARC.types import CompanyAnalysisResult
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    """Create test client."""
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_analyzer(mocker):
+    """Mock the global analyzer so valid requests succeed."""
+    mock = Mock()
+    mock._analyze_company_safe.return_value = CompanyAnalysisResult(
+        company_name="nvidia",
+        analysis="Test analysis",
+        patent_count=1,
+        success=True,
+        timestamp=datetime.now(),
+    )
+    mocker.patch("SPARC.api._analyzer", mock)
+    return mock
+
+
+class TestCompanyNameValidation:
+    """Test that company names are validated on analysis endpoints."""
+
+    # --- Too short ---
+
+    def test_single_char_rejected(self, client, mock_analyzer):
+        """A one-character company name should be rejected."""
+        response = client.get("/analyze/X")
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    # --- Too long ---
+
+    def test_over_100_chars_rejected(self, client, mock_analyzer):
+        """A company name longer than 100 characters should be rejected."""
+        long_name = "A" * 101
+        response = client.get(f"/analyze/{long_name}")
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    # --- Special characters ---
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "bad_name",
+        [
+            "nvidia!",
+            "intel@corp",
+            "test#company",
+            "foo$bar",
+            "a%b",
+            "x^y",
+            "semi;colon",
+            "drop'table",
+            'say"hello',
+            "path/traversal",
+            "back\\slash",
+            "pipe|char",
+            "star*glob",
+            "question?mark",
+            "<script>",
+            "curly{brace}",
+            "equal=sign",
+            "plus+plus",
+            "comma,separated",
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_special_chars_rejected(self, client, mock_analyzer, bad_name):
+        """Company names with disallowed special characters should be rejected."""
+        response = client.get(f"/analyze/{bad_name}")
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    # --- Valid names ---
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "valid_name",
+        [
+            "nvidia",
+            "Intel",
+            "TSMC",
+            "Texas Instruments",
+            "Johnson-Johnson",
+            "AT&T",
+            "St. Jude Medical",
+            "3M",
+            "21st Century Fox",
+            "ab",  # minimum length
+            "A" * 100,  # maximum length
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_valid_names_accepted(self, client, mock_analyzer, valid_name):
+        """Valid company names should be accepted (200, not 422)."""
+        response = client.get(f"/analyze/{valid_name}")
+        # Should not be a validation error; 200 or other non-422 status is fine
+        assert response.status_code != 422
+
+    # --- Batch endpoint validation ---
+
+    def test_batch_too_short_rejected(self, client, mock_analyzer):
+        """Batch endpoint should reject company names that are too short."""
+        response = client.post(
+            "/analyze/batch",
+            json={"companies": ["X"]},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    def test_batch_too_long_rejected(self, client, mock_analyzer):
+        """Batch endpoint should reject company names that are too long."""
+        response = client.post(
+            "/analyze/batch",
+            json={"companies": ["A" * 101]},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    def test_batch_special_chars_rejected(self, client, mock_analyzer):
+        """Batch endpoint should reject company names with special chars."""
+        response = client.post(
+            "/analyze/batch",
+            json={"companies": ["nvidia!", "intel"]},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    def test_batch_valid_names_accepted(self, client, mock_analyzer):
+        """Batch endpoint should accept valid company names."""
+        response = client.post(
+            "/analyze/batch",
+            json={"companies": ["nvidia", "Intel", "AT&T"]},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code != 422
+
+    # --- Name must start with alphanumeric ---
+
+    def test_leading_space_rejected(self, client, mock_analyzer):
+        """Company name starting with a space should be rejected."""
+        response = client.post(
+            "/analyze/batch",
+            json={"companies": [" nvidia"]},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    def test_leading_hyphen_rejected(self, client, mock_analyzer):
+        """Company name starting with a hyphen should be rejected."""
+        response = client.post(
+            "/analyze/batch",
+            json={"companies": ["-nvidia"]},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 422

tests/test_export.py

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+"""Tests for export endpoints: CSV and PDF export of analysis results.
+
+Covers issue #1655:
+- GET /export/{company_name} (CSV export)
+- GET /export/{company_name}/pdf (PDF export)
+
+All tests mock the database layer and use JWT auth fixtures from test_auth patterns.
+Export queries are now scoped to the current user's owner_id.
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from SPARC.api import app
+from SPARC.auth import create_access_token
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    """Create test client."""
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def mock_db():
+    """Mock the database client used by export and auth endpoints."""
+    db = MagicMock()
+
+    # Default: user exists for auth
+    db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+        "id": 1,
+        "email": "user@test.com",
+        "role": "user",
+        "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+    }
+
+    # Mock get_conn for export queries
+    mock_cursor = MagicMock()
+    mock_conn = MagicMock()
+    mock_conn.cursor.return_value.__enter__ = MagicMock(return_value=mock_cursor)
+    mock_conn.cursor.return_value.__exit__ = MagicMock(return_value=False)
+    db.get_conn.return_value.__enter__ = MagicMock(return_value=mock_conn)
+    db.get_conn.return_value.__exit__ = MagicMock(return_value=False)
+    db._mock_cursor = mock_cursor
+
+    with patch("SPARC.api.get_db_client", return_value=db), \
+         patch("SPARC.auth.get_db_client", return_value=db):
+        yield db
+
+
+def _auth_header():
+    """Create an Authorization header with a valid access token."""
+    token = create_access_token(1, "user@test.com", "user")
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+
+def _sample_rows():
+    """Return sample llm_messages rows as tuples (matching cursor.fetchall format)."""
+    return [
+        (
+            "NVIDIA",
+            "company_analysis",
+            "anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet",
+            "Strong AI patent portfolio with focus on GPU architectures.",
+            datetime(2025, 6, 15, 10, 30, 0),
+        ),
+        (
+            "NVIDIA",
+            "patent_analysis",
+            "openai/gpt-4o",
+            "Patent US-12345678-B2 covers novel tensor core design.",
+            datetime(2025, 6, 14, 9, 0, 0),
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+class TestCSVExport:
+    """GET /export/{company_name} -- CSV export."""
+
+    def test_csv_export_success(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Valid company with results returns a CSV file."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = _sample_rows()
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert response.headers["content-type"].startswith("text/csv")
+        assert "attachment" in response.headers.get("content-disposition", "")
+        assert "sparc_nvidia_export.csv" in response.headers["content-disposition"]
+
+        # Verify CSV content (CSV uses \r\n line endings)
+        lines = response.text.strip().split("\n")
+        assert len(lines) == 3  # header + 2 data rows
+        assert lines[0].strip() == "company_name,analysis_type,model,analysis,timestamp"
+        assert "NVIDIA" in lines[1]
+        assert "company_analysis" in lines[1]
+
+    def test_csv_export_no_results_returns_404(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Unknown company returns 404."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = []
+
+        response = client.get("/export/nonexistent", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 404
+        assert "No analysis results found" in response.json()["detail"]
+
+    def test_csv_export_unauthenticated_returns_401(self, client):
+        """Request without token returns 401."""
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA")
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+    def test_csv_export_invalid_token_returns_401(self, client):
+        """Request with invalid token returns 401."""
+        response = client.get(
+            "/export/NVIDIA",
+            headers={"Authorization": "Bearer invalid.token.here"},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+    def test_csv_export_filename_sanitization(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Company names with spaces get sanitized in the filename."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = [
+            (
+                "Tesla Motors",
+                "company_analysis",
+                "anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet",
+                "EV patent portfolio analysis.",
+                datetime(2025, 6, 15, 10, 0, 0),
+            ),
+        ]
+
+        response = client.get("/export/Tesla Motors", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert "tesla_motors" in response.headers["content-disposition"]
+
+    def test_csv_export_single_row(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Single analysis result produces valid CSV with one data row."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = [_sample_rows()[0]]
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        lines = response.text.strip().split("\n")
+        assert len(lines) == 2  # header + 1 data row
+
+
+class TestPDFExport:
+    """GET /export/{company_name}/pdf -- PDF report export."""
+
+    def test_pdf_export_success(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Valid company with results returns a PDF file."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = _sample_rows()
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert response.headers["content-type"] == "application/pdf"
+        assert "attachment" in response.headers.get("content-disposition", "")
+        # PDF files start with %PDF
+        assert response.content[:4] == b"%PDF"
+
+    def test_pdf_export_no_results_returns_404(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Unknown company returns 404."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = []
+
+        response = client.get("/export/nonexistent/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 404
+        assert "No analysis results found" in response.json()["detail"]
+
+    def test_pdf_export_unauthenticated_returns_401(self, client):
+        """Request without token returns 401."""
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA/pdf")
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+    def test_pdf_export_invalid_token_returns_401(self, client):
+        """Request with invalid token returns 401."""
+        response = client.get(
+            "/export/NVIDIA/pdf",
+            headers={"Authorization": "Bearer invalid.token.here"},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+    def test_pdf_export_filename_contains_date(self, client, mock_db):
+        """PDF filename includes the analysis date."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = _sample_rows()
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        disposition = response.headers["content-disposition"]
+        assert "nvidia-analysis-" in disposition
+        assert ".pdf" in disposition
+
+    def test_pdf_export_special_chars_in_response(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Analysis text with XML-special chars (<, >, &) does not break PDF generation."""
+        rows = [
+            (
+                "TestCo",
+                "company_analysis",
+                "anthropic/claude-3.5-sonnet",
+                "Revenue > $1B & growth <20% for Q4. Test <html> escaping.",
+                datetime(2025, 6, 15, 10, 0, 0),
+            ),
+        ]
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = rows
+
+        response = client.get("/export/TestCo/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert response.content[:4] == b"%PDF"
+
+    def test_pdf_export_multiple_analyses(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Multiple analysis records produce a valid PDF with content."""
+        mock_db._mock_cursor.fetchall.return_value = _sample_rows()
+
+        response = client.get("/export/NVIDIA/pdf", headers=_auth_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        # PDF should have reasonable size (more than just headers)
+        assert len(response.content) > 500

tests/test_multi_tenant.py

@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+"""Cross-tenant isolation tests for multi-tenant support.
+
+Verifies that:
+- User A cannot read, update, or delete User B's analyses, tracked companies, or jobs
+- Admin users can access all data via admin endpoints
+- owner_id is correctly set on new resources
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from SPARC.api import app
+from SPARC.auth import create_access_token
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    """Create test client."""
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+def _make_user(user_id, email, role="user"):
+    return {
+        "id": user_id,
+        "email": email,
+        "role": role,
+        "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+    }
+
+
+USER_A = _make_user(10, "alice@test.com")
+USER_B = _make_user(20, "bob@test.com")
+ADMIN = _make_user(1, "admin@test.com", role="admin")
+
+
+def _header_for(user):
+    token = create_access_token(user["id"], user["email"], user["role"])
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def mock_db():
+    """Mock DB returning the correct user based on user_id."""
+    db = MagicMock()
+
+    def _get_user_by_id(uid):
+        for u in [USER_A, USER_B, ADMIN]:
+            if u["id"] == uid:
+                return u
+        return None
+
+    db.get_user_by_id.side_effect = _get_user_by_id
+
+    with patch("SPARC.api.get_db_client", return_value=db), \
+         patch("SPARC.auth.get_db_client", return_value=db):
+        yield db
+
+
+# ==================== Tracked Companies Isolation ====================
+
+
+class TestTrackedCompanyIsolation:
+    """User A's tracked companies are invisible to User B."""
+
+    def test_user_a_list_scoped_to_own(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /tracked returns only User A's companies."""
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "AliceCo", "owner_id": USER_A["id"]},
+        ]
+
+        response = client.get("/tracked", headers=_header_for(USER_A))
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.assert_called_with(owner_id=USER_A["id"])
+
+    def test_user_b_list_scoped_to_own(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /tracked returns only User B's companies."""
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = []
+
+        response = client.get("/tracked", headers=_header_for(USER_B))
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.assert_called_with(owner_id=USER_B["id"])
+
+    def test_user_a_add_sets_owner(self, client, mock_db):
+        """POST /tracked sets owner_id to User A."""
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.return_value = {"company_name": "NewCo", "owner_id": 10}
+
+        response = client.post("/tracked", json={"company_name": "NewCo"}, headers=_header_for(USER_A))
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.assert_called_with("NewCo", owner_id=USER_A["id"])
+
+    def test_user_b_cannot_remove_user_a_company(self, client, mock_db):
+        """DELETE /tracked/{name} filters by owner, so B can't remove A's company."""
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.return_value = False  # not found for B
+
+        response = client.delete("/tracked/AliceCo", headers=_header_for(USER_B))
+        assert response.status_code == 404
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.assert_called_with("AliceCo", owner_id=USER_B["id"])
+
+
+# ==================== Job Isolation ====================
+
+
+class TestJobIsolation:
+    """User A's jobs are invisible to User B."""
+
+    def test_user_a_get_own_job(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /jobs/{id} scoped to User A returns the job."""
+        mock_db.get_job.return_value = None  # mock via _get_job_db
+
+        with patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db") as mock_get_db:
+            job_db = MagicMock()
+            job_db.get_job.return_value = {
+                "job_id": "j1",
+                "status": "completed",
+                "progress": 100,
+                "total_companies": 1,
+                "completed_companies": 1,
+                "result_json": None,
+                "error": None,
+                "owner_id": USER_A["id"],
+            }
+            mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
+            response = client.get("/jobs/j1", headers=_header_for(USER_A))
+            assert response.status_code == 200
+            job_db.get_job.assert_called_with("j1", owner_id=USER_A["id"])
+
+    def test_user_b_cannot_see_user_a_job(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /jobs/{id} returns 404 when User B tries to access User A's job."""
+        with patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db") as mock_get_db:
+            job_db = MagicMock()
+            job_db.get_job.return_value = None  # not found for B's owner_id
+            mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
+            response = client.get("/jobs/j1", headers=_header_for(USER_B))
+            assert response.status_code == 404
+            job_db.get_job.assert_called_with("j1", owner_id=USER_B["id"])
+
+    def test_list_jobs_scoped_to_user(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /jobs filters by owner_id."""
+        with patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db") as mock_get_db:
+            job_db = MagicMock()
+            job_db.list_jobs.return_value = []
+            mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
+            response = client.get("/jobs", headers=_header_for(USER_A))
+            assert response.status_code == 200
+            call_kwargs = job_db.list_jobs.call_args
+            assert call_kwargs.kwargs.get("owner_id") == USER_A["id"]
+
+    def test_async_job_created_with_owner(self, client, mock_db):
+        """POST /analyze/batch/async creates job with current user's owner_id."""
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        with patch("SPARC.api._analyzer", mock_analyzer), \
+             patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db") as mock_get_db:
+            job_db = MagicMock()
+            job_db.create_job.return_value = {
+                "job_id": "j2",
+                "status": "pending",
+                "progress": 0,
+                "total_companies": 1,
+                "completed_companies": 0,
+                "result_json": None,
+                "error": None,
+                "owner_id": USER_A["id"],
+            }
+            mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
+            response = client.post(
+                "/analyze/batch/async",
+                json={"companies": ["nvidia"]},
+                headers=_header_for(USER_A),
+            )
+            assert response.status_code == 200
+            create_kwargs = job_db.create_job.call_args
+            assert create_kwargs.kwargs.get("owner_id") == USER_A["id"]
+
+
+# ==================== Analysis Listing Isolation ====================
+
+
+class TestAnalysisListIsolation:
+    """GET /analyze/batch scoped to current user."""
+
+    def test_list_analyses_scoped_to_user(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /analyze/batch passes owner_id to db.list_analyses."""
+        with patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db") as mock_get_db:
+            job_db = MagicMock()
+            job_db.list_analyses.return_value = []
+            mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
+            response = client.get("/analyze/batch", headers=_header_for(USER_A))
+            assert response.status_code == 200
+            call_kwargs = job_db.list_analyses.call_args
+            assert call_kwargs.kwargs.get("owner_id") == USER_A["id"]
+
+
+# ==================== Admin Cross-Tenant Access ====================
+
+
+class TestAdminCrossTenantAccess:
+    """Admin endpoints return data from all tenants (no owner_id filter)."""
+
+    def test_admin_list_tracked_all_tenants(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /admin/tracked returns all companies (no owner_id filter)."""
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "AliceCo", "owner_id": 10},
+            {"company_name": "BobCo", "owner_id": 20},
+        ]
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/tracked", headers=_header_for(ADMIN))
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        # Should be called without owner_id filter
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.assert_called_with()
+
+    def test_admin_list_analyses_all_tenants(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /admin/analyses returns all analyses (no owner_id filter)."""
+        with patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db") as mock_get_db:
+            job_db = MagicMock()
+            job_db.list_analyses.return_value = []
+            mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
+            response = client.get("/admin/analyses", headers=_header_for(ADMIN))
+            assert response.status_code == 200
+            call_kwargs = job_db.list_analyses.call_args
+            # No owner_id should be passed
+            assert "owner_id" not in call_kwargs.kwargs or call_kwargs.kwargs["owner_id"] is None
+
+    def test_admin_list_jobs_all_tenants(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /admin/jobs returns all jobs (no owner_id filter)."""
+        with patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db") as mock_get_db:
+            job_db = MagicMock()
+            job_db.list_jobs.return_value = []
+            mock_get_db.return_value = job_db
+
+            response = client.get("/admin/jobs", headers=_header_for(ADMIN))
+            assert response.status_code == 200
+            call_kwargs = job_db.list_jobs.call_args
+            assert "owner_id" not in call_kwargs.kwargs or call_kwargs.kwargs["owner_id"] is None
+
+    def test_admin_remove_tracked_any_owner(self, client, mock_db):
+        """DELETE /admin/tracked/{name} removes without owner filter."""
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.return_value = True
+
+        response = client.delete("/admin/tracked/SomeCo", headers=_header_for(ADMIN))
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        # Called without owner_id
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.assert_called_with("SomeCo")
+
+    def test_regular_user_cannot_access_admin_analyses(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user gets 403 on /admin/analyses."""
+        response = client.get("/admin/analyses", headers=_header_for(USER_A))
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+    def test_regular_user_cannot_access_admin_jobs(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user gets 403 on /admin/jobs."""
+        response = client.get("/admin/jobs", headers=_header_for(USER_A))
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+
+# ==================== Analytics Isolation ====================
+
+
+class TestAnalyticsIsolation:
+    """GET /analytics scoped to current user."""
+
+    def test_analytics_scoped_to_user(self, client, mock_db):
+        """GET /analytics passes owner_id to db.get_analytics."""
+        mock_db.get_analytics.return_value = {
+            "total_messages": 5,
+            "by_company": [],
+            "by_type": [],
+            "period_days": 30,
+        }
+
+        response = client.get("/analytics", headers=_header_for(USER_A))
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        mock_db.get_analytics.assert_called_with(days=30, owner_id=USER_A["id"])

tests/test_pagination.py

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+"""Tests for cursor-based pagination on /analyze/batch GET and /jobs endpoints."""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from unittest.mock import Mock, MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from SPARC.api import app
+from SPARC.auth import create_access_token
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    """Create test client."""
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def mock_db():
+    """Mock the database client used by auth endpoints."""
+    db = MagicMock()
+    db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+        "id": 1,
+        "email": "user@test.com",
+        "role": "user",
+        "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+    }
+
+    with patch("SPARC.api.get_db_client", return_value=db), \
+         patch("SPARC.auth.get_db_client", return_value=db):
+        yield db
+
+
+def _auth_header():
+    token = create_access_token(1, "user@test.com", "user")
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+
+def _make_analysis_row(id_: int, minutes_ago: int = 0, company: str = "nvidia"):
+    """Create a fake analysis row dict."""
+    ts = datetime.now() - timedelta(minutes=minutes_ago)
+    return {
+        "id": id_,
+        "company_name": company,
+        "analysis_type": "patent_portfolio",
+        "model": "openai/gpt-4o",
+        "response": f"Analysis for {company}",
+        "timestamp": ts,
+    }
+
+
+def _make_job_row(job_id: str, minutes_ago: int = 0, status: str = "completed"):
+    """Create a fake job row dict."""
+    ts = datetime.now() - timedelta(minutes=minutes_ago)
+    return {
+        "job_id": job_id,
+        "status": status,
+        "progress": 100 if status == "completed" else 0,
+        "total_companies": 1,
+        "completed_companies": 1 if status == "completed" else 0,
+        "result": None,
+        "error": None,
+        "created_at": ts,
+    }
+
+
+class TestAnalyzeBatchGetPagination:
+    """Test cursor-based pagination on GET /analyze/batch."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_returns_items_and_no_cursor_when_less_than_limit(self, mock_get_db, client):
+        """When fewer results than limit, next_cursor should be null."""
+        db = Mock()
+        db.list_analyses.return_value = [
+            _make_analysis_row(1, minutes_ago=10),
+            _make_analysis_row(2, minutes_ago=20),
+        ]
+        mock_get_db.return_value = db
+
+        response = client.get("/analyze/batch?limit=10", headers=_auth_header())
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data["items"]) == 2
+        assert data["next_cursor"] is None
+
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_returns_cursor_when_more_results_exist(self, mock_get_db, client):
+        """When more results exist than limit, next_cursor should be set."""
+        db = Mock()
+        # Return limit+1 rows to simulate more data
+        rows = [_make_analysis_row(i, minutes_ago=i) for i in range(4)]
+        db.list_analyses.return_value = rows
+        mock_get_db.return_value = db
+
+        response = client.get("/analyze/batch?limit=3", headers=_auth_header())
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data["items"]) == 3
+        assert data["next_cursor"] is not None
+
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_cursor_passed_to_db(self, mock_get_db, client):
+        """The cursor query param should be forwarded to the database layer."""
+        db = Mock()
+        db.list_analyses.return_value = []
+        mock_get_db.return_value = db
+
+        client.get("/analyze/batch?cursor=2025-01-01T00:00:00|42", headers=_auth_header())
+        db.list_analyses.assert_called_once()
+        call_kwargs = db.list_analyses.call_args
+        assert call_kwargs.kwargs.get("cursor") == "2025-01-01T00:00:00|42" or \
+            (call_kwargs[1].get("cursor") == "2025-01-01T00:00:00|42" if len(call_kwargs) > 1 else False)
+
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_default_limit_is_50(self, mock_get_db, client):
+        """Default limit should be 50."""
+        db = Mock()
+        db.list_analyses.return_value = []
+        mock_get_db.return_value = db
+
+        client.get("/analyze/batch", headers=_auth_header())
+        call_kwargs = db.list_analyses.call_args
+        # The endpoint requests limit+1 from DB, so 51
+        assert 51 in call_kwargs.args or call_kwargs.kwargs.get("limit") == 51
+
+    def test_limit_over_200_rejected(self, client):
+        """Limit > 200 should be rejected with 422."""
+        response = client.get("/analyze/batch?limit=201", headers=_auth_header())
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    def test_limit_zero_rejected(self, client):
+        """Limit < 1 should be rejected with 422."""
+        response = client.get("/analyze/batch?limit=0", headers=_auth_header())
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_company_name_filter(self, mock_get_db, client):
+        """The company_name filter should be forwarded to the database."""
+        db = Mock()
+        db.list_analyses.return_value = []
+        mock_get_db.return_value = db
+
+        client.get("/analyze/batch?company_name=intel", headers=_auth_header())
+        call_kwargs = db.list_analyses.call_args
+        assert call_kwargs.kwargs.get("company_name") == "intel" or \
+            "intel" in (call_kwargs.args if call_kwargs.args else [])
+
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_empty_result_set(self, mock_get_db, client):
+        """Empty result set returns empty items and null cursor."""
+        db = Mock()
+        db.list_analyses.return_value = []
+        mock_get_db.return_value = db
+
+        response = client.get("/analyze/batch", headers=_auth_header())
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["items"] == []
+        assert data["next_cursor"] is None
+
+
+class TestJobsPaginationDefaults:
+    """Test that /jobs endpoint uses updated defaults."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_default_limit_is_50(self, mock_get_db, client):
+        """Default limit should now be 50."""
+        db = Mock()
+        db.list_jobs.return_value = []
+        mock_get_db.return_value = db
+
+        client.get("/jobs", headers=_auth_header())
+        call_kwargs = db.list_jobs.call_args
+        # Endpoint requests limit+1 from DB, so 51
+        assert 51 in call_kwargs.args or call_kwargs.kwargs.get("limit") == 51
+
+    def test_limit_over_200_rejected(self, client):
+        """Limit > 200 should be rejected with 422."""
+        response = client.get("/jobs?limit=201", headers=_auth_header())
+        assert response.status_code == 422
+
+    @patch("SPARC.api._get_job_db")
+    def test_limit_200_accepted(self, mock_get_db, client):
+        """Limit of exactly 200 should be accepted."""
+        db = Mock()
+        db.list_jobs.return_value = []
+        mock_get_db.return_value = db
+
+        response = client.get("/jobs?limit=200", headers=_auth_header())
+        assert response.status_code == 200

tests/test_rate_limit_admin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+"""Tests for the /admin/rate-limits endpoint."""
+
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from SPARC import api
+from SPARC.api import app
+from SPARC.auth import UserResponse
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    """Create test client."""
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def reset_stats():
+    """Reset rate limit stats between tests."""
+    api._rate_limit_stats.clear()
+    api._rejected_log.clear()
+    yield
+    api._rate_limit_stats.clear()
+    api._rejected_log.clear()
+
+
+def _mock_admin():
+    """Return a mock admin user."""
+    return UserResponse(id=1, email="admin@test.com", role="admin", created_at="2025-01-01T00:00:00")
+
+
+def _mock_user():
+    """Return a mock non-admin user."""
+    return UserResponse(id=2, email="user@test.com", role="user", created_at="2025-01-01T00:00:00")
+
+
+class TestRateLimitAdminEndpoint:
+    """Test GET /admin/rate-limits."""
+
+    def test_admin_can_access(self, client):
+        """Admin users should be able to access the rate-limits endpoint."""
+        app.dependency_overrides[api.get_current_admin] = _mock_admin
+        try:
+            response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+            assert response.status_code == 200
+            data = response.json()
+            assert "rate_limits" in data
+            assert isinstance(data["rate_limits"], list)
+        finally:
+            app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+    def test_non_admin_rejected(self, client):
+        """Non-admin users should get 401/403."""
+        response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+        assert response.status_code in (401, 403)
+
+    def test_returns_configured_endpoints(self, client):
+        """Should list all rate-limited endpoints."""
+        app.dependency_overrides[api.get_current_admin] = _mock_admin
+        try:
+            response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+            assert response.status_code == 200
+            data = response.json()
+            endpoints = [rl["endpoint"] for rl in data["rate_limits"]]
+            assert "/auth/register" in endpoints
+            assert "/auth/login" in endpoints
+        finally:
+            app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+    def test_empty_state_shows_zero_counts(self, client):
+        """When no requests have been made, counts should be zero."""
+        app.dependency_overrides[api.get_current_admin] = _mock_admin
+        try:
+            response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+            data = response.json()
+            for rl in data["rate_limits"]:
+                assert rl["total_requests"] == 0
+                assert rl["rejected_requests"] == 0
+                assert rl["by_ip"] == []
+            assert data["throttled_24h"] == 0
+            assert data["throttled_over_time"] == []
+        finally:
+            app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+    def test_tracks_requests(self, client):
+        """After making requests, the stats should reflect them."""
+        api._track_rate_limit_request("/auth/login", "127.0.0.1")
+        api._track_rate_limit_request("/auth/login", "127.0.0.1")
+        api._track_rate_limit_request("/auth/login", "192.168.1.1", rejected=True)
+
+        app.dependency_overrides[api.get_current_admin] = _mock_admin
+        try:
+            response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+            data = response.json()
+            login_stats = next(rl for rl in data["rate_limits"] if rl["endpoint"] == "/auth/login")
+            assert login_stats["total_requests"] == 3
+            assert login_stats["rejected_requests"] == 1
+        finally:
+            app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+    def test_includes_limit_config(self, client):
+        """Each endpoint entry should include the rate limit config string."""
+        app.dependency_overrides[api.get_current_admin] = _mock_admin
+        try:
+            response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+            data = response.json()
+            for rl in data["rate_limits"]:
+                assert "limit" in rl
+                assert isinstance(rl["limit"], str)
+        finally:
+            app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+    def test_per_ip_breakdown(self, client):
+        """Stats should include per-IP breakdown with total and rejected counts."""
+        api._track_rate_limit_request("/auth/login", "10.0.0.1")
+        api._track_rate_limit_request("/auth/login", "10.0.0.1", rejected=True)
+        api._track_rate_limit_request("/auth/login", "10.0.0.2")
+
+        app.dependency_overrides[api.get_current_admin] = _mock_admin
+        try:
+            response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+            data = response.json()
+            login_stats = next(rl for rl in data["rate_limits"] if rl["endpoint"] == "/auth/login")
+            by_ip = login_stats["by_ip"]
+            assert len(by_ip) == 2
+            ip1 = next(entry for entry in by_ip if entry["ip"] == "10.0.0.1")
+            assert ip1["total"] == 2
+            assert ip1["rejected"] == 1
+            ip2 = next(entry for entry in by_ip if entry["ip"] == "10.0.0.2")
+            assert ip2["total"] == 1
+            assert ip2["rejected"] == 0
+        finally:
+            app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+    def test_throttled_24h_count(self, client):
+        """Should report total throttled requests in the last 24 hours."""
+        api._track_rate_limit_request("/auth/login", "10.0.0.1", rejected=True)
+        api._track_rate_limit_request("/auth/register", "10.0.0.2", rejected=True)
+
+        app.dependency_overrides[api.get_current_admin] = _mock_admin
+        try:
+            response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+            data = response.json()
+            assert data["throttled_24h"] == 2
+        finally:
+            app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+    def test_throttled_over_time_structure(self, client):
+        """Throttled-over-time should be a list of {timestamp, count} buckets."""
+        api._track_rate_limit_request("/auth/login", "10.0.0.1", rejected=True)
+
+        app.dependency_overrides[api.get_current_admin] = _mock_admin
+        try:
+            response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+            data = response.json()
+            assert len(data["throttled_over_time"]) >= 1
+            entry = data["throttled_over_time"][0]
+            assert "timestamp" in entry
+            assert "count" in entry
+            assert entry["count"] >= 1
+        finally:
+            app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+    def test_response_shape_matches_contract(self, client):
+        """The full response should match the expected shape for the frontend."""
+        app.dependency_overrides[api.get_current_admin] = _mock_admin
+        try:
+            response = client.get("/admin/rate-limits")
+            data = response.json()
+            # Top-level keys
+            assert set(data.keys()) == {"rate_limits", "throttled_24h", "throttled_over_time"}
+            # Each rate_limit entry
+            for rl in data["rate_limits"]:
+                assert set(rl.keys()) == {"endpoint", "limit", "total_requests", "rejected_requests", "by_ip"}
+        finally:
+            app.dependency_overrides.clear()

tests/test_tracked_companies.py

@@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
+"""Tests for tracked company endpoints and scheduler integration.
+
+Covers:
+- GET /tracked (user-scoped list)
+- POST /tracked (user-scoped add)
+- DELETE /tracked/{company_name} (user-scoped remove)
+- GET /admin/tracked (admin: all companies)
+- POST /admin/tracked (admin: add)
+- DELETE /admin/tracked/{company_name} (admin: remove any)
+- GET /admin/alerts (list alerts)
+- scheduler.run_scheduled_analysis() integration
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from SPARC.api import app
+from SPARC.auth import create_access_token
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    """Create test client."""
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def mock_db():
+    """Mock the database client used by admin and auth endpoints."""
+    db = MagicMock()
+
+    # Default admin user for auth
+    db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+        "id": 1,
+        "email": "admin@test.com",
+        "role": "admin",
+        "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+    }
+
+    with patch("SPARC.api.get_db_client", return_value=db), \
+         patch("SPARC.auth.get_db_client", return_value=db):
+        yield db
+
+
+def _admin_header():
+    """Create an Authorization header with a valid admin access token."""
+    token = create_access_token(1, "admin@test.com", "admin")
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+
+def _user_header():
+    """Create an Authorization header with a regular user access token."""
+    token = create_access_token(2, "user@test.com", "user")
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+
+# ---------- GET /admin/tracked ----------
+
+class TestListTrackedCompanies:
+    """GET /admin/tracked"""
+
+    def test_list_tracked_returns_companies(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Admin can list tracked companies."""
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "NVIDIA", "last_patent_count": 120, "last_analyzed": "2025-06-15"},
+            {"company_name": "AMD", "last_patent_count": 80, "last_analyzed": "2025-06-14"},
+        ]
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/tracked", headers=_admin_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 2
+        assert data[0]["company_name"] == "NVIDIA"
+
+    def test_list_tracked_empty(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Returns empty list when no companies are tracked."""
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = []
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/tracked", headers=_admin_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert response.json() == []
+
+    def test_list_tracked_requires_admin(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user cannot access tracked companies list."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/tracked", headers=_user_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+    def test_list_tracked_unauthenticated(self, client):
+        """Unauthenticated request returns 401."""
+        response = client.get("/admin/tracked")
+        assert response.status_code == 401
+
+
+# ---------- POST /admin/tracked ----------
+
+class TestAddTrackedCompany:
+    """POST /admin/tracked"""
+
+    def test_add_tracked_company_success(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Admin can add a company to tracking."""
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.return_value = {
+            "company_name": "Intel",
+            "last_patent_count": 0,
+            "last_analyzed": None,
+        }
+
+        response = client.post(
+            "/admin/tracked",
+            json={"company_name": "Intel"},
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["company_name"] == "Intel"
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("Intel", owner_id=1)
+
+    def test_add_duplicate_returns_409(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Adding an already-tracked company returns 409."""
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.return_value = None
+
+        response = client.post(
+            "/admin/tracked",
+            json={"company_name": "NVIDIA"},
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 409
+        assert "already tracked" in response.json()["detail"].lower()
+
+    def test_add_tracked_requires_admin(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user cannot add tracked companies via admin endpoint."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+
+        response = client.post(
+            "/admin/tracked",
+            json={"company_name": "Intel"},
+            headers=_user_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+    def test_add_tracked_empty_name_rejected(self, client):
+        """Empty company name is rejected by validation."""
+        response = client.post(
+            "/admin/tracked",
+            json={"company_name": ""},
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 422  # Pydantic validation error
+
+
+# ---------- DELETE /admin/tracked/{company_name} ----------
+
+class TestRemoveTrackedCompany:
+    """DELETE /admin/tracked/{company_name}"""
+
+    def test_remove_tracked_company_success(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Admin can remove a tracked company."""
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.return_value = True
+
+        response = client.delete(
+            "/admin/tracked/NVIDIA",
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        assert "Stopped tracking" in response.json()["message"]
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("NVIDIA")
+
+    def test_remove_nonexistent_returns_404(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Removing a non-tracked company returns 404."""
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.return_value = False
+
+        response = client.delete(
+            "/admin/tracked/UnknownCorp",
+            headers=_admin_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 404
+        assert "not found" in response.json()["detail"].lower()
+
+    def test_remove_tracked_requires_admin(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user cannot remove tracked companies."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+
+        response = client.delete(
+            "/admin/tracked/NVIDIA",
+            headers=_user_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+
+# ---------- User-scoped tracked companies ----------
+
+class TestUserScopedTrackedCompanies:
+    """Tests for /tracked user-scoped endpoints."""
+
+    def test_user_list_tracked(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user can list their own tracked companies."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "AMD", "owner_id": 2},
+        ]
+
+        response = client.get("/tracked", headers=_user_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.assert_called_with(owner_id=2)
+
+    def test_user_add_tracked(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user can add a company to their own tracked list."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.return_value = {
+            "company_name": "Intel",
+            "owner_id": 2,
+        }
+
+        response = client.post(
+            "/tracked",
+            json={"company_name": "Intel"},
+            headers=_user_header(),
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        mock_db.add_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("Intel", owner_id=2)
+
+    def test_user_remove_tracked(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user can remove a company from their own tracked list."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.return_value = True
+
+        response = client.delete("/tracked/Intel", headers=_user_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        mock_db.remove_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("Intel", owner_id=2)
+
+
+# ---------- GET /admin/alerts ----------
+
+class TestListAlerts:
+    """GET /admin/alerts"""
+
+    def test_list_alerts_returns_data(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Admin can list alerts."""
+        mock_db.list_alerts.return_value = [
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "company_name": "NVIDIA",
+                "alert_type": "patent_count_change",
+                "message": "Patent count increased by 25%",
+                "created_at": "2025-06-15T10:00:00Z",
+            },
+        ]
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/alerts", headers=_admin_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert len(data) == 1
+        assert data[0]["alert_type"] == "patent_count_change"
+
+    def test_list_alerts_with_limit(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Custom limit parameter is passed to the database."""
+        mock_db.list_alerts.return_value = []
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/alerts?limit=10", headers=_admin_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        mock_db.list_alerts.assert_called_once_with(limit=10)
+
+    def test_list_alerts_requires_admin(self, client, mock_db):
+        """Regular user cannot access alerts."""
+        mock_db.get_user_by_id.return_value = {
+            "id": 2,
+            "email": "user@test.com",
+            "role": "user",
+            "created_at": datetime(2025, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
+        }
+
+        response = client.get("/admin/alerts", headers=_user_header())
+
+        assert response.status_code == 403
+
+
+# ---------- Scheduler integration ----------
+
+class TestSchedulerIntegration:
+    """Tests for scheduler.run_scheduled_analysis()."""
+
+    def test_no_tracked_companies_skips_analysis(self):
+        """Scheduler does nothing when no companies are tracked."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = []
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer") as mock_analyzer_cls:
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        mock_analyzer_cls.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_scheduler_analyzes_each_tracked_company(self):
+        """Scheduler runs analysis for every tracked company."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "NVIDIA", "last_patent_count": 100},
+            {"company_name": "AMD", "last_patent_count": 50},
+        ]
+
+        mock_result_nvidia = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=110)
+        mock_result_amd = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=55)
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.side_effect = [mock_result_nvidia, mock_result_amd]
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        assert mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.call_count == 2
+        mock_db.update_tracked_company.assert_any_call("NVIDIA", 110)
+        mock_db.update_tracked_company.assert_any_call("AMD", 55)
+
+    def test_scheduler_triggers_alert_on_significant_change(self):
+        """Scheduler stores an alert when patent count changes significantly."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "Tesla", "last_patent_count": 100},
+        ]
+
+        mock_result = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=130)  # 30% increase
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.return_value = mock_result
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        mock_db.store_alert.assert_called_once()
+        alert_kwargs = mock_db.store_alert.call_args
+        assert alert_kwargs[1]["company_name"] == "Tesla"
+        assert alert_kwargs[1]["alert_type"] == "patent_count_change"
+        assert alert_kwargs[1]["old_value"] == 100
+        assert alert_kwargs[1]["new_value"] == 130
+
+    def test_scheduler_no_alert_for_small_change(self):
+        """Scheduler does not alert when change is below threshold."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "Intel", "last_patent_count": 100},
+        ]
+
+        mock_result = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=105)  # 5% increase
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.return_value = mock_result
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        mock_db.store_alert.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_scheduler_handles_analysis_failure(self):
+        """Scheduler continues when one company fails analysis."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "FailCo", "last_patent_count": 50},
+            {"company_name": "SuccessCo", "last_patent_count": 30},
+        ]
+
+        mock_fail_result = MagicMock(success=False, error="API timeout")
+        mock_ok_result = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=35)
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.side_effect = [mock_fail_result, mock_ok_result]
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        # FailCo should not get updated, SuccessCo should
+        mock_db.update_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("SuccessCo", 35)
+
+    def test_scheduler_handles_exception_in_analysis(self):
+        """Scheduler continues even when analysis raises an exception."""
+        mock_db = MagicMock()
+        mock_db.list_tracked_companies.return_value = [
+            {"company_name": "CrashCo", "last_patent_count": 10},
+            {"company_name": "OKCo", "last_patent_count": 20},
+        ]
+
+        mock_ok_result = MagicMock(success=True, patent_count=22)
+        mock_analyzer = MagicMock()
+        mock_analyzer._analyze_company_safe.side_effect = [
+            RuntimeError("unexpected error"),
+            mock_ok_result,
+        ]
+
+        with patch("SPARC.scheduler.get_db_client", return_value=mock_db), \
+             patch("SPARC.scheduler.CompanyAnalyzer", return_value=mock_analyzer):
+            from SPARC.scheduler import run_scheduled_analysis
+            run_scheduled_analysis()
+
+        # OKCo should still be processed
+        mock_db.update_tracked_company.assert_called_once_with("OKCo", 22)

tests/test_webhooks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+"""Tests for webhook notification system: retry logic and Slack/Discord payload format.
+
+Covers issue #1657:
+- Retry logic with exponential backoff in _send_with_retry
+- Slack/Discord payload formatting in _build_payload
+- Generic HTTP POST payload formatting
+- notify() dispatching to multiple URLs
+- notify_job_completed() and notify_alert() convenience helpers
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch, call
+
+import pytest
+import requests
+
+from SPARC.webhooks import (
+    MAX_RETRIES,
+    _build_payload,
+    _is_slack_url,
+    _send_with_retry,
+    notify,
+    notify_alert,
+    notify_job_completed,
+)
+
+
+class TestIsSlackUrl:
+    """Tests for Slack/Discord URL detection."""
+
+    def test_slack_webhook_url(self):
+        assert _is_slack_url("https://hooks.slack.com/services/T00/B00/xxx") is True
+
+    def test_discord_webhook_url(self):
+        assert _is_slack_url("https://discord.com/api/webhooks/123/abc") is True
+
+    def test_generic_url(self):
+        assert _is_slack_url("https://example.com/webhook") is False
+
+    def test_empty_url(self):
+        assert _is_slack_url("") is False
+
+
+class TestBuildPayload:
+    """Tests for payload construction."""
+
+    def test_generic_payload_structure(self):
+        """Generic payload includes event type, timestamp, and data."""
+        payload = _build_payload("job_completed", {"job_id": "abc123"})
+
+        assert payload["event"] == "job_completed"
+        assert payload["job_id"] == "abc123"
+        assert "timestamp" in payload
+        # Timestamp should be ISO format ending with Z
+        assert payload["timestamp"].endswith("Z")
+
+    def test_slack_payload_wraps_in_text(self):
+        """Slack payload wraps content in a 'text' field."""
+        payload = _build_payload("patent_alert", {"company_name": "NVIDIA"}, slack=True)
+
+        assert "text" in payload
+        assert "patent_alert" in payload["text"]
+        assert "NVIDIA" in payload["text"]
+        # Slack payload should NOT have the event/timestamp at top level
+        assert "event" not in payload
+        assert "timestamp" not in payload
+
+    def test_generic_payload_does_not_have_text_field(self):
+        """Non-Slack payload does not wrap in text."""
+        payload = _build_payload("job_completed", {"status": "done"})
+
+        assert "text" not in payload
+        assert payload["status"] == "done"
+
+    def test_slack_payload_contains_bold_header(self):
+        """Slack payload starts with bold event header using Slack markdown."""
+        payload = _build_payload("job_completed", {"count": 5}, slack=True)
+
+        assert payload["text"].startswith("*[SPARC] job_completed*")
+
+    def test_payload_merges_all_data_keys(self):
+        """All data keys are included in the generic payload."""
+        data = {"key1": "val1", "key2": 42, "key3": True}
+        payload = _build_payload("test_event", data)
+
+        assert payload["key1"] == "val1"
+        assert payload["key2"] == 42
+        assert payload["key3"] is True
+
+
+class TestSendWithRetry:
+    """Tests for retry logic in _send_with_retry."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_success_on_first_attempt(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Successful delivery on first attempt, no retries."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=200)
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        mock_post.assert_called_once()
+        mock_sleep.assert_not_called()
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_success_on_second_attempt(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Fails first, succeeds on retry."""
+        mock_post.side_effect = [
+            MagicMock(status_code=500),
+            MagicMock(status_code=200),
+        ]
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        assert mock_post.call_count == 2
+        mock_sleep.assert_called_once()
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_all_retries_exhausted(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Returns False after all retries fail."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=500)
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is False
+        assert mock_post.call_count == MAX_RETRIES
+        assert mock_sleep.call_count == MAX_RETRIES - 1
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_exponential_backoff_timing(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Backoff wait times follow exponential pattern (2^attempt)."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=500)
+
+        _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        # With BACKOFF_BASE=2: attempt 1 -> sleep(2), attempt 2 -> sleep(4)
+        expected_waits = [call(2 ** i) for i in range(1, MAX_RETRIES)]
+        assert mock_sleep.call_args_list == expected_waits
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_network_error_triggers_retry(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Network exceptions trigger retry, not immediate failure."""
+        mock_post.side_effect = [
+            requests.ConnectionError("Connection refused"),
+            MagicMock(status_code=200),
+        ]
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        assert mock_post.call_count == 2
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_timeout_error_triggers_retry(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Timeout exceptions trigger retry."""
+        mock_post.side_effect = [
+            requests.Timeout("Request timed out"),
+            MagicMock(status_code=200),
+        ]
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        assert mock_post.call_count == 2
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_2xx_status_codes_accepted(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Any 2xx status code is treated as success."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=204)
+
+        result = _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", {"event": "test"})
+
+        assert result is True
+        mock_post.assert_called_once()
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.time.sleep")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.requests.post")
+    def test_posts_json_payload(self, mock_post, mock_sleep):
+        """Payload is sent as JSON with correct timeout."""
+        mock_post.return_value = MagicMock(status_code=200)
+        payload = {"event": "test", "data": "value"}
+
+        _send_with_retry("https://example.com/hook", payload)
+
+        mock_post.assert_called_once_with(
+            "https://example.com/hook", json=payload, timeout=10
+        )
+
+
+class TestNotify:
+    """Tests for the notify() dispatcher."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks._send_with_retry")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.WEBHOOK_URLS", ["https://example.com/hook1", "https://example.com/hook2"])
+    def test_dispatches_to_all_urls(self, mock_send):
+        """notify() sends to every configured webhook URL."""
+        mock_send.return_value = True
+
+        notify("job_completed", {"job_id": "test123"})
+
+        assert mock_send.call_count == 2
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks._send_with_retry")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.WEBHOOK_URLS", [])
+    def test_no_urls_configured_returns_immediately(self, mock_send):
+        """No-op when no webhook URLs are configured."""
+        notify("job_completed", {"job_id": "test123"})
+
+        mock_send.assert_not_called()
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks._send_with_retry")
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.WEBHOOK_URLS", [
+        "https://hooks.slack.com/services/T00/B00/xxx",
+        "https://example.com/generic",
+    ])
+    def test_slack_url_gets_slack_payload(self, mock_send):
+        """Slack URLs receive Slack-formatted payloads, others get generic."""
+        mock_send.return_value = True
+
+        notify("test_event", {"key": "val"})
+
+        # First call (Slack URL) should have "text" key
+        slack_payload = mock_send.call_args_list[0][0][1]
+        assert "text" in slack_payload
+
+        # Second call (generic URL) should have "event" key
+        generic_payload = mock_send.call_args_list[1][0][1]
+        assert "event" in generic_payload
+        assert generic_payload["event"] == "test_event"
+
+
+class TestNotifyJobCompleted:
+    """Tests for notify_job_completed() convenience function."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.notify")
+    def test_sends_correct_event_and_data(self, mock_notify):
+        """Job completion sends proper event type and summary."""
+        notify_job_completed(
+            job_id="batch-001",
+            status="completed",
+            total_companies=10,
+            successful=8,
+            failed=2,
+        )
+
+        mock_notify.assert_called_once()
+        event, data = mock_notify.call_args[0]
+        assert event == "job_completed"
+        assert data["job_id"] == "batch-001"
+        assert data["successful"] == 8
+        assert data["failed"] == 2
+        assert "8/10" in data["summary"]
+
+
+class TestNotifyAlert:
+    """Tests for notify_alert() convenience function."""
+
+    @patch("SPARC.webhooks.notify")
+    def test_sends_correct_event_and_data(self, mock_notify):
+        """Alert notification sends patent_alert event type."""
+        notify_alert(
+            company_name="NVIDIA",
+            alert_type="patent_count_change",
+            message="Patent count increased by 30%",
+        )
+
+        mock_notify.assert_called_once()
+        event, data = mock_notify.call_args[0]
+        assert event == "patent_alert"
+        assert data["company_name"] == "NVIDIA"
+        assert data["alert_type"] == "patent_count_change"
+        assert "30%" in data["message"]